Are plasma proteins key players in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis?

Veloso, Tiago Rafael; Ditkowski, Bartosz; Mela, Petra; Hoylaerts, Marc; Heying, Ruth

doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.04.053

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Fibrinogen amongst others acts as a modulating protein for platelet adhesion and clustering by bridging their activated receptor α IIb β 3 . 9, 24 We developed the new flow chamber, presented in this study, to be able to investigate various tissues using only small amounts of perfusion media with bacteria. By this, the chamber allowed us to study the role of the most abundant plasma protein fibrinogen in bacterial adherence to cardiac graft tissues and will be of use to proceed with investigating the role of platelets in this process occurring on decellularised right ventricular outflow tract tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureusadheres avidly to decellularised cardiac homograft tissue in vitro in the fibrinogen-dependent manner

et al. 2020

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Objective: Infective endocarditis remains a severe complication associated with a high morbidity and mortality in patients after heart valve replacement. Exploration of the pathogenesis is of high demand and we, therefore, present a competent model that allows studying bacterial adherence and the role of plasma fibrinogen in this process using a new in-house designed low-volume flow chamber. Three cardiac graft tissues used for pulmonary valve replacement have been tested under shear conditions to investigate the impact of surface composition on the adhesion events. Methods: Tissue pieces of cryopreserved homograft (non-decellularised), decellularised homograft and bovine pericardium patch were investigated for fibrinogen binding. Adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to these graft tissues was studied quantitatively under flow conditions in our newly fabricated chamber based on a parallel plates’ modality. The method of counting colony-forming units was reliable and reproducible to assess the propensity of different graft materials for bacterial attachment under shear. Results: Bacterial perfusions over all plasma-precoated tissues identified cryopreserved homograft with the lowest affinity for S. aureus compared to decellularised homograft presenting a significantly higher bacterial adhesion (p < 0.05), which was linked to a more avid fibrinogen binding (p < 0.01). Bovine pericardial patch, as a reference tissue in this study, was confirmed to be the most susceptible tissue graft for the bacterial adhesion, which was in line with our previous work. Conclusion: The two studied homograft tissues showed different levels of bacterial attachment, which might be postulated by the involvement of fibrinogen in the adhesion mechanism(s) shown previously for bovine tissues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureusadheres avidly to decellularised cardiac homograft tissue in vitro in the fibrinogen-dependent manner

et al. 2020

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“…Both studies were conducted in vitro , and despite the somewhat incongruous results, they provided valuable insights into a future research direction on this specific topic, which was the interaction between the BJV tissue and plasma proteins, and the subsequent interaction with blood-borne bacteria ( Jalal et al, 2018 ; Mery, 2018 ). In fact, in a follow-up study by Veloso et al, BJV tissue did show greater absorption of fibrinogen (known to facilitate the adhesion of IE-associated pathogens) than cryopreserved allograft tissue ( Veloso et al, 2018b ).…”

Section: Complications and Causesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Current development of bovine jugular vein conduit for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction

Xie

Tan³

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction is a common surgical method to treat congenital cardiac lesions, and bovine jugular vein conduit (BJVC) has become a prevalent candidate of prosthetic material for this procedure since 1999. Although many clinical studies have shown encouraging results on BJVCs, complications such as stenosis, aneurysmal dilatation, valve insufficiency, and infective endocarditis revealed in other clinical outcomes still remain problematic. This review describes the underlying mechanisms causing respective complications, and summarizes the current technological development that may address those causative factors. Novel crosslinking agents, decellularization techniques, conduit coatings, and physical reinforcement materials have improved the performances of BJVCs. The authors expect that the breakthroughs in the clinical application of BJVC may come from new genetic research findings and advanced characterization apparatuses and bioreactors, and are optimistic that the BJVC will in the future provide sophisticated therapies for next-generation RVOT reconstruction.

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