Are relations in thesauri “context‐free, definitional, and true in all possible worlds”?

Hjørland, Birger

doi:10.1002/asi.23253

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The word ‗evil' represents ‗bad experience' as the angle of talking was comparing the word ‗evil' and ‗bad experience' as the words had the same sense (Yu & Ren, 2013). The word ‗evil' is also paradigmatic as the word ‗evil' in the context was replacing the word ‗bad experience' (Hjørland, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Semantic Changes in Novels: A Comparison Study of Horror Novels between 1800s - 2000s

Silalahi

2019

JELC

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Novel is a collection of history about how words were changing from time to time. As words moved dynamically, they could be interpreted differently depending on how people used it. Some words from now might have a different meaning in the past. This phenomenon was what we call as semantic changes. This was one of the reason why it was very common for words to have a different meaning from time to time or even extinct, especially in novels. In order to see the semantic changes that happened in novels, this paper was conducted to see and compare the semantic changes that occurred in horror novels around 1800s-2000s. Six horror novels which were being chosen were Dracula, The Exorcist, The Daughter, Frankenstein, Bedtime, and The Picture of Dorian Gray, as these novels are kept being re-published from time to time, and are popular horror novels. The method that was used was qualitative, with Corpus Analysis, and software called as Antconc as the data instrument. This paper was comparing the semantic changes that occurred in horror novels around 1800s-2000s. The analysis result showed that the semantic changes that happened mostly because of the angle of talking, which meant that meaning could be changed because of the context of the text. To conclude, semantic changes could be seen in the horror novels that the researchers analyzed, and the changes happened because of the differences in contexts. ABSTRAKNovel adalah sebuah buku yang merekam jejak sejarah bagaimana sebuah kata berubah dari waktu ke waktu. Karena sebuah kata bergerak secara dinamik, kata-kata tersebut dapat diinterpretasikan secara berbeda sesuai dengan orang-orang yang menggunakannya, khususnya di dalam bahasa Inggris. Beberapa kata yang digunakan saat ini dapat memiliki arti yang berbeda di masa lampau. Fenomena ini kerap disebut sebagai perubahan semantik. Hal ini merupakan salah satu alasan mengapa sebuah kata dapat memiliki arti yang berbeda dari waktu ke waktu atau bahkan punah, khususnya di dalam novel. Untuk melihat perubahan semantik yang terjadi dalam novel, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat dan membandingkan perubahan semantik yang terjadi dalam novel horor sekitar tahun 1800-2000. Enam novel horor yang dipilih adalah Dracula, The Exorcist, The Daughter, Frankenstein, Bedtime, dan The Picture of Dorian Gray, karena novel ini sering diterbitkan ulang dari waktu ke waktu, dan merupakan novel horor yang terkenal. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan analisis korpus, dan menggunakan perangkat lunak Antconc sebagai instrumen untuk mengambil data. Hasil dari data yang dianalisis menunjukan bahwa perubahan semantik kerap terjadi karena pandangan dari masing-masing penulis, yang di mana arti dari sebuah kata dapat berbeda karena dari konteks yang berbeda. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perubahan semantik dapat terlihat dalam novel horor yang telah dianalisis, dan perubahan itu terjadi karena perbedaan dari konteks-konteks yang ada. Kata Kunci: perubahan semantik, novel horor, horor

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If it was related to the syntagmatic, the word had a correct structure (Phillip, n.d). The word ‗demon' was paradigmatic as the word substituted person's fears (Hjørland, 2014). There are words that got their meaning extended in the table 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semantic Changes in Novels: A Comparison Study of Horror Novels between 1800s - 2000s

Silalahi

2019

JELC

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“…ASIST 2015,November 6-10, 2015 [Author Retains Copyright. Insert personal or institutional copyright notice here.]…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradigmatic relations and syntagmatic relations: How are they related?

Chiu

Lü

2015

Proc. Assoc. Info. Sci. Tech.

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This study investigates the relationship between syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations. MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) descriptors assigned to the same document are chosen to represent the syntagmatic relations and their paradigmatic relations are determined using the structure of the MeSH thesaurus. With the help of MeSH tree structure, we determined the paradigmatic relations between each pair of assigned descriptors for each document (if there is any). The results show that paradigmatic relations and syntagmatic relations can coexist, but it is not very common. Only 13.56% of the pairs of descriptors are connectable on the MeSH tree, and thus can be said to have some paradigmatic relations. It generally takes 3 to 5 steps on the tree for these pairs of descriptors to reach each other. The results also show that the strength of the paradigmatic relations depends on the specificity of the descriptors. The more specific a pair of descriptors are, the stronger paradigmatic relations they are likely to have. When the assigned descriptors are very general, they are less likely to have strong paradigmatic relations (e.g. parent-child or siblings relations). The findings of this study can help better use of sematic relations for different applications such as ontology construction, information extraction, information retrieval, question-answering, and text summarization.

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“…Skepticism concerning concrete systems may thus be justified, owing to the specific principles and (lack of) qualifications of their constructors. They may be based on the problematic view that relations in thesauri are “context‐free, definitional, and true in all possible worlds” (see Svenonius, , , and Hjørland, in press, for a criticism) and related essentialist philosophy. For the most part, it has not been taken into account that “a controlled vocabulary is a way to insert an interpretive layer of semantics between the term entered by the user and the underlying database to better represent the original intention of the terms of the user” (Fast, Leise, & Steckel, ; electronic source, no page).…”

Section: Ko In Classical Bibliographic Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper is based on the view that it is important to uncover the often hidden assumptions in research fields. As Einstein wrote, “Science without epistemology is — insofar as it is thinkable at all — primitive and muddled” (1949, p. 684).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classical databases and knowledge organization: A case for boolean retrieval and human decision‐making during searches

Hjørland

2014

Asso for Info Science & Tech

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This paper considers classical bibliographic databases based on the Boolean retrieval model (such as MEDLINE and PsycInfo). This model is challenged by modern search engines and information retrieval (IR) researchers, who often consider Boolean retrieval a less efficient approach. The paper examines this claim and argues for the continued value of Boolean systems, and suggests two further considerations: (a) the important role of human expertise in searching (expert searchers and "information literate" users) and (b) the role of library and information science and knowledge organization (KO) in the design and use of classical databases. An underlying issue is the kind of retrieval system for which one should aim. Warner's (2010) differentiation between the computer science traditions and an older libraryoriented tradition seems important; the former aim to transform queries automatically into (ranked) sets of relevant documents, whereas the latter aims to increase the "selection power" of users. The Boolean retrieval model is valuable in providing users with the power to make informed searches and have full control over what is found and what is not. These issues may have significant implications for the maintenance of information science and KO as research fields as well as for the information profession as a profession in its own right.

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Are relations in thesauri “context‐free, definitional, and true in all possible worlds”?

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Semantic Changes in Novels: A Comparison Study of Horror Novels between 1800s - 2000s

Semantic Changes in Novels: A Comparison Study of Horror Novels between 1800s - 2000s

Paradigmatic relations and syntagmatic relations: How are they related?

Classical databases and knowledge organization: A case for boolean retrieval and human decision‐making during searches

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