Are scratchcards addictive? The prevalence of pathological scratchcard gambling among adult scratchcard buyers in the Netherlands

DeFuentes-Merillas, Laura; Koeter, Maarten W. J.; Bethlehem, Jelke; Schippers, Gerard M.; VanDenBrink, Wim

doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00329.x

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This is a matter of concern, given problematic gambling during adolescence may be linked to poorer functioning later in life (Lynch et al, 2004). However, the prevalence of scratch-card related problems is rather low, and only few studies exist that have explored this issue (Hendriks et al, 1997;Griffiths, 2000;Frost, Meagher, College, et al, 2001;DeFuentes-Merillas et al, 2003Ariyabuddhiphongs, 2011). One such study points to a 0.24% prevalence of scratch-card GD; of those, only 0.09% was addicted uniquely to scratch-cards (DeFuentes-Merillas et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…All these features act as extrinsic reinforcers, inducing winners to continue gambling. Furthermore, scratch-cards are somewhat inexpensive, widely available and advertised, which contributes to increase its addictive potential (Ariyabuddhiphongs, 2011;DeFuentes-Merillas, Koeter, Bethlehem, et al, 2003;DeFuentes-Merillas, Koeter, Schippers, et al, 2004;Griffiths, 2000;Hendriks, Meerkerk, van Oer, et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SCRATCH THAT! — Two case reports of scratch-card gambling disorder

Raposo-Lima¹,

Castro²,

Sousa³

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

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Gambling disorder is a common, clinically relevant condition that impacts significantly one's life. Given that approved pharmacological interventions are lacking, it is crucial to readily identify these cases to provide available interventions in psychiatric care services. Here, we present two uncommon cases of unique scratch-card gambling disorder, a specific type of pathological gambling that could be increasing as availability of these games are growing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SCRATCH THAT! — Two case reports of scratch-card gambling disorder

Raposo-Lima¹,

Castro²,

Sousa³

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

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“…Of the handful of screening and diagnostic tools for PGD that include specific gambling activities, it becomes apparent that the focus groups in the current study gleaned new activities that have not been asked about in previously published reports using other assessments (Petry et al 2005;Lange 2001) and supported the differentiation of gambling activity classification (DeFuentes-Merillas et al 2003) from gambling venues and mechanisms of gambling/betting activity not found in current assessments of PGD. Additionally, such differentiation in the GAM allows for a consideration of PGD as a multidimensional construct that can be linked to specific gambling categories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Item Specification in the Development of a Diagnostic Gambling Instrument: A Focus Group Approach

Cunningham-Williams

Zayas

Books

et al. 2008

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Pathological Gambling Disorder (PGD) is internationally prevalent and contributes to significant disruption and impairment in a gambler's life. For accurate diagnosis and treatment planning, clinicians require standardized criteria as in commonly used DSM and ICD-10 taxonomies, which are conceptually clear, valid, and culturally appropriate. We aimed to describe clinical issues, other than DSM criteria, that may be potentially clinically meaningful to PGD assessment and treatment planning. Participants from St. Louis, Missouri, USA, who self-identified as problem or pathological gamblers or who had a friend or relative with a gambling problem, as well as clinicians with addictions and PGD diagnostic expertise, participated in one of ten focus groups as part of a larger psychometric study aimed at developing and refining a structured, diagnostic gambling assessment tool, the Gambling Assessment Module (GAM © ). A content-driven immersion-crystallization qualitative approach yielded insight into gambling behaviors, terminology, and diagnostic issues. While complementary to existing diagnostic taxonomies, these findings provide additional item specification for in-depth clinical assessment.

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“…For the latter, the prevalence in our sample (39.4%) was close to that observed in the general French population, 42% (Lotostat, 2010), and a similar figure was observed for horse-race betting, 15.4% in our sample and 13% in the general population (Trucy, 2006). Detailed analysis of forms of gambling indicates that some include more regular players than others, and this could mean that they are more addictive than others; they are horse-race betting, the addictive feature of which has been already described by others (Bakken et al, 2009;DeFuentes-Merillas et al, 2003;Wong and So, 2003), along with roulette, slot machines, football pools and rapido. Therefore, the type of game played might also be indicative of pG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological Gambling in Treatment-Seeking Alcoholics: A National Survey in France

Anpaa¹,

Nalpas

Yguel

et al. 2011

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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-Aims: To estimate the prevalence of pathological gambling ( pG) in people addicted to alcohol and drugs, particularly those with alcohol use disorders (AUDs), including new forms of gambling such as video and on-line games; and to update the sociodemographic profile of people suffering from both AUD and pG. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 1 week of 2009 in 55 French addiction treatment centres, including all consecutive patients attending that centre, using an anonymous questionnaire which included a tool specific for pG screening, the DEBA-jeu questionnaire (Détection et Besoin d'Aide en regard du Jeu Excessif). Results: A total of 2790 patients entered the study. The most frequent reason for attending the Addiction Centres was AUD (77%). According to the DEBA test, 6.5% of the patients were pathological gamblers and 12% were subsyndromal gamblers. pG affected all age groups and did not decrease with abstinence from alcohol. pG was significantly associated with male sex [relative risk (RR) = 2.4; P < 0.001)] and, at a lower level of significance, with homelessness (RR = 1.52; P = 0.03) and unemployment (RR = 1.47; P = 0.04).Conclusions: pG appears to be a common feature of the French people with alcohol and drug disorders. Apart from male sex, no parameter had discriminatory power sufficient to target pG screening on a specific subgroup. Therefore, any patient attending a centre for drug or AUD should be asked about his gambling. Moreover, clinical teams should be trained to treat this addiction.

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Are scratchcards addictive? The prevalence of pathological scratchcard gambling among adult scratchcard buyers in the Netherlands

Abstract: Scratchcards have a very low addiction potential among adults in the Netherlands. Given the specific characteristics of the unique PSG and the relatively small amount of money they spent, the appropriateness of DSM criteria for this particular form of gambling can be questioned.

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

SCRATCH THAT! — Two case reports of scratch-card gambling disorder

SCRATCH THAT! — Two case reports of scratch-card gambling disorder

Item Specification in the Development of a Diagnostic Gambling Instrument: A Focus Group Approach

Pathological Gambling in Treatment-Seeking Alcoholics: A National Survey in France

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