Are Static and Dynamic Postural Balance Assessments Two Sides of the Same Coin? A Cross-Sectional Study in the Older Adults

Rizzato, Alex; Paoli, Antonio; Andretta, Marta; Vidorin, Francesca; Marcolin, Giuseppe

doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.681370

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Indeed, OS displayed a worse FB and GB than the young cohorts and a worse FiB than YA. Although no differences were detected between OA and all the other groups, in a previous study (Marcolin et al, 2021), including a sub-set of the present sample, significant differences comparing only OA and OS emerged for all the DPBC parameters with large effects sizes.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

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Physical active lifestyle promotes static and dynamic balance performance in young and older adults

et al. 2022

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Although regular physical activity exposure leads to positive postural balance control (PBC) adaptations, few studies investigated its effects, or the one of inactivity, on PBC in populations of different age groups. Thus, this study investigated the impact of a physically active lifestyle on static and dynamic PBC in young and older adults. Thirty-five young physically active subjects (YA), 20 young sedentary subjects (YS), 16 physically active older adults (OA), and 15 sedentary older adults (OS) underwent a static and a dynamic PBC assessment. A force platform and an instrumented proprioceptive board were employed to measure the center of pressure (COP) trajectory and the anteroposterior oscillations, respectively. In static conditions, no significant differences were detected among groups considering the overall postural balance performance represented by the area of confidence ellipse values. Conversely, the YA highlighted a higher efficiency (i.e., lower sway path mean velocity) in PBC maintenance compared to the other groups (YA vs OA: p = 0.0057, Cohen’s d = 0.94; YA vs OS p = 0.043, d = 1.07; YA vs YS p = 0.08, d = 0.67). OS exhibited an overall worse performance in dynamic conditions than YA and YS. Surprisingly, no differences were found between YS and OA for all the static and dynamic parameters considered. In conclusion, our results suggest that a physically active lifestyle may promote static and dynamic balance performance in young and older adults, thus with potentially positive effects on the age-related decline of postural balance performance. Dynamic PBC assessment seems more sensitive in detecting differences between groups than the static evaluation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

“…A sub-set of the present SPBC and DPBC datasets presented in this work has been presented elsewhere (Sarto et al, 2020;Marcolin et al, 2021). Participants have been asked to visit the laboratory twice.…”

Section: Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical active lifestyle promotes static and dynamic balance performance in young and older adults

et al. 2022

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“…However, as balance degrades with age, strength and the ability to precisely control handgrip force are also well known to decrease with age. In addition, dynamic balance and handgrip strength seem to be correlated ( 49 ), and we could expect a correlation that is worth investigating in future studies, also with a lifespan approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Lifespan Approach to Balance in Static and Dynamic Conditions: The Effect of Age on Balance Abilities

et al. 2022

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Postural control is a complex sensorimotor skill that is fundamental to our daily life. The abilities to maintain and recover balance degrade with age. However, the time decay of balance performance with age is not well understood. In this study, we aim at quantifying the age-dependent changes in standing balance under static and dynamic conditions. We tested 272 healthy subjects with ages ranging from 20 to 90. Subjects maintained the upright posture while standing on the robotic platform hunova®. In the evaluation of static balance, subjects stood on the fixed platform both with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). In the dynamic condition, subjects stood with eyes open on the moving foot platform that provided three different perturbations: (i) an inclination proportional to the center of pressure displacements, (ii) a pre-defined predictable motion, and (iii) an unpredictable and unexpected tilt. During all these tests, hunova® measured the inclination of the platform and the displacement of the center of pressure, while the trunk movements were recorded with an accelerometer placed on the sternum. To quantify balance performance, we computed spatio-temporal parameters typically used in clinical environments from the acceleration measures: mean velocity, variability of trunk motion, and trunk sway area. All subjects successfully completed all the proposed exercises. Their motor performance in the dynamic balance tasks quadratically changed with age. Also, we found that the reliance on visual feedback is not age-dependent in static conditions. All subjects well-tolerated the proposed protocol independently of their age without experiencing fatigue as we chose the timing of the evaluations based on clinical needs and routines. Thus, this study is a starting point for the definition of robot-based assessment protocols aiming at detecting the onset of age-related standing balance deficits and allowing the planning of tailored rehabilitation protocols to prevent falls in older adults.

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“…This is not an entirely new finding. Previous studies have shown only weak correlations between static and dynamic balance tests in older adults ( Rizzato et al, 2021 ), and the selective improvement of dynamic balance and gait outcomes, as opposed to the absence of significant improvement in static balance, was reported in patients with peripheral neuropathy of the lower limbs treated with physiotherapy ( Caronni et al, 2019 ). It can be proposed that static balance, heavily based on high-frequency neural adjustments, can be more difficult to maintain, compared to dynamic balance, heavily based on low-frequency anticipatory actions and, at least in walking, profiting from passive pendulum-like oscillations and inertial stabilization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balance Impairment in Fahr’s Disease: Mixed Signs of Parkinsonism and Cerebellar Disorder. A Case Study

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Tesio

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Fahr’s disease is a rare idiopathic degenerative disease characterized by calcifications in the brain, and has also been associated with balance impairment. However, a detailed analysis of balance in these patients has not been performed. A 69-year-old woman with Fahr’s disease presented with a long-lasting subjective imbalance. Balance was analyzed using both clinical (EquiScale, Timed Up and Go test, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory-short form) and instrumented tests (the sway of the body center of mass during quiet, perturbed, and self-perturbed stance, and the peak curvature of the center of mass during single stance while walking on a force-treadmill). The patient’s balance was normal during clinical tests and walking. However, during standing, a striking impairment in vestibular control of balance emerged. The balance behavior displayed mixed parkinsonian (e.g., slowness and reduced amplitude of movement) and cerebellar (e.g., increased sway during standing in all conditions and decomposition of movement) features, with a discrepancy between the high severity of the static and the low severity of the dynamic balance impairment. The balance impairment characteristics outlined in this study could help neurologists and physiatrists detect, stage, and treat this rare condition.

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Are Static and Dynamic Postural Balance Assessments Two Sides of the Same Coin? A Cross-Sectional Study in the Older Adults

Cited by 30 publications

References 43 publications

Physical active lifestyle promotes static and dynamic balance performance in young and older adults

Physical active lifestyle promotes static and dynamic balance performance in young and older adults

A Lifespan Approach to Balance in Static and Dynamic Conditions: The Effect of Age on Balance Abilities

Balance Impairment in Fahr’s Disease: Mixed Signs of Parkinsonism and Cerebellar Disorder. A Case Study

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