Are stripped envelope supernovae really deficient in $^{56}$Ni?

Ouchi, Ryoma; Maeda, Keiichi; Anderson, Joseph P.; Sawada, Ryo

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2109.00603

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Our main aim is therefore not to construct a complete and non-biased sample. Such a sample would of course be interesting to compare the average properties of SNe Ibc with the models, but would require greater care in terms of completeness and corrections for Malmquist bias (see e.g., Ouchi et al 2021) and extinction. We take a simpler approach in this paper.…”

Section: Survey and Selection Of Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

On the maximum luminosities of normal stripped-envelope supernovae -- brighter than explosion models allow

Sollerman,

Yang,

Perley

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Context. Stripped-envelope supernovae (SE SNe) of Type Ib and Type Ic are thought to result from explosions of massive stars having lost their outer envelopes. The favoured explosion mechanism is by core-collapse, with the shock later revived by neutrino heating. However, there is an upper limit to the amount of radioactive 56 Ni that such models can accomplish. Recent literature point to a tension between the maximum luminosity from such simulations and observations. Aims. We use a well characterized sample of SE SNe from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Bright Transient Survey (BTS). We scrutinize the observational caveats regarding estimating the maximum luminosity (and thus the amount of ejected radioactive nickel) for the members of this sample. Methods. We employ the strict selection criteria for the BTS to collect a sample of spectroscopically classified normal Type Ibc SNe for which we use the ZTF light curves to determine the maximum luminosity. We cull the sample further based on data quality, lightcurve shape, distance and colors, and examine uncertainties that may affect the numbers. The methodology of the sample construction from this BTS sample can be used for many other future investigations.Results. We analyze observational data, consisting of optical light curves and spectra, for the selected sub-samples. In total we use 129 Type Ib or Type Ic BTS SNe with an initial rough luminosity distribution peaked at Mr = −17.61 ± 0.72, and where 36% are apparently brighter than the theoretically predicted maximum brightness of Mr = −17.8. When we further cull this sample to ensure that the SNe are normal Type Ibc with good LC data within the Hubble flow, the sample of 94 objects has Mr = −17.64 ± 0.54. A main uncertainty in absolute magnitude determinations for SNe is the host galaxy extinction correction, but the reddened objects only get more luminous after corrections. If we simply exclude objects with red, unusual or uncertain colors, we are left with 14 objects at Mr = −17.90 ± 0.73, whereof a handful are most certainly brighter than the suggested theoretical limit. The main result of this study is thus that normal SNe Ibc do indeed reach luminosities above 10 42.6 erg s −1 , apparently in conflict with existing explosion models.

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Section: Survey and Selection Of Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

On the maximum luminosities of normal stripped-envelope supernovae -- brighter than explosion models allow

Sollerman,

Yang,

Perley

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The range of the mass is ∼ 0.001 M − ∼ 0.3 M with the median value of ∼ 0.03 M (Anderson 2019;Meza & Anderson 2020). It should be noted, however, that lack of the 56 Ni mass in the lower side of SESNe can be explained by observation bias (Ouchi et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Constraints on Explosion Timescale of Core-Collapse Supernovae Based on Systematic Analysis of Light Curves

Saito,

Tanaka,

Sawada

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae is not fully understood yet. In this work, we give constraints on the explosion timescale based on 56 Ni synthesized by supernova explosions. First, we systematically analyze multi-band light curves of 82 stripped-envelope supernovae (SESNe) to obtain bolometric light curves, which is among the largest samples of the bolometric light curves of SESNe derived from the multi-band spectral energy distribution. We measure the decline timescale and the peak luminosity of the light curves and estimate the ejecta mass (M ej ) and 56 Ni mass (M Ni ) to connect the observed properties with the explosion physics. We then carry out one-dimensional hydrodynamics and nucleosynthesis calculations, varying the progenitor mass and the explosion timescale. From the calculations, we show that the maximum 56 Ni mass that 56 Ni-powered SNe can reach is expressed as M Ni < ∼ 0.2 M ej . Comparing the results from the observations and the calculations, we show that the explosion timescale shorter than 0.3 sec explains the synthesized 56 Ni mass of the majority of the SESNe.

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Are stripped envelope supernovae really deficient in $^{56}$Ni?

Cited by 2 publications

References 61 publications

On the maximum luminosities of normal stripped-envelope supernovae -- brighter than explosion models allow

On the maximum luminosities of normal stripped-envelope supernovae -- brighter than explosion models allow

Constraints on Explosion Timescale of Core-Collapse Supernovae Based on Systematic Analysis of Light Curves

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