Are sunlight deprivation and influenza epidemics associated with the onset of acute leukemia?

Timonen, T.; Näyhä, Simo; Koskela, Tapani; Pukkala, Eero

doi:10.3324/haematol.10799

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The importance of studies such as ours comes from the fact that vitamin D insufficiency is a clinical problem of global proportions, and this vitamin D insufficiency has been linked, not only to an increase in susceptibility and severity of infectious, neoplastic, and autoimmune disorders but also to an increase in overall mortality [6,63,64]. Here, we have shown that age and vitamin D status have a clear impact in innate immune system functioning.…”

Section: April-septembermentioning

confidence: 67%

Age and low levels of circulating vitamin D are associated with impaired innate immune function

Álvarez-Rodríguez

López‐Hoyos²,

García-Unzueta³

et al. 2012

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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This study investigated in vivo the influence of age and vitamin D status on innate immune function in HC. Serum 25OHD was measured in 71 HC. TLR expression on various subpopulations of PBMCs, as well as TLR function by stimulating PBMCs with specific ligands, was assessed by flow cytometry. Circulating cathelicidin levels were determined by ELISA. Serum 25OHD levels decreased with age, and there was a significant inverse correlation between 25OHD levels and age. There was a negative correlation between serum 25OHD levels and MFI expression of TLR7 on B cells, T cells, and monocytes. TLR7 function, addressed by in vitro stimulation with a specific agonist, was significantly correlated with serum 25OHD levels, and this was especially a result of the results in HC older than 60 years. MFI expression of TLR5 on T cells and TLR2 on monocytes was also negatively correlated with serum 25OHD levels. TLR1 (monocytes) and TLR2 (monocytes) expression was positively correlated with age. Furthermore, TLR4 and TLR8 function was negatively correlated with age. Circulating cathelicidin levels decreased with age and were positively correlated with 25OHD levels. Aging is accompanied by changes in expression and function of several TLRs. Serum 25OHD levels decrease with age and are also associated with a change in expression and defective function of certain TLRs, especially those involved in viral response.

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Section: April-septembermentioning

confidence: 67%

Age and low levels of circulating vitamin D are associated with impaired innate immune function

Álvarez-Rodríguez

López‐Hoyos²,

García-Unzueta³

et al. 2012

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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“…In addition, the association reported was based on a limited number of subjects (87 NHL cases, 164 controls). A large Finnish study [25], which included 7,423 cases between 1964 and 2003, both adults and children, found, in a subgroup analysis, lower numbers of ALL in the dark season among children aged 2-4 years. The results were quite similar to those of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the authors' knowledge, four studies, with different designs and sample sizes, on the association between childhood hematological malignancies and UV radiation exposure have been published. Three studies found a negative association, for leukemia [22,24] and/or NHL [23,24], while the fourth study [25] showed an increased risk of lymphoblastic leukemia in 2-4-year-old children during the light season (April-September).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Residential Exposure To Solar Ultraviolet Radiation And Incidence Of Childhood Hematological Malignancies In France 1990-2009

Coste¹,

Boniol²,

Marquant³

et al. 2015

ISEE Conference Abstracts

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Purpose Few studies have investigated the relationship between solar ultraviolet radiation (UV) and childhood hematological malignancies (CHM). This study addresses the associations between residential UV exposure at diagnosis and the incidence of types and subtypes of CHM, by age and gender, in France, over a long period, on the fine scale of the 36,326 Communes that constitute mainland France. Methods The 9,082 cases of acute leukemia (AL) and 3,563 cases of lymphoma diagnosed before the age of 15 years from 1990 to 2009 were provided by the French National Registry of Childhood Hematological Malignancies. The incidence of CHM was calculated by Commune, year, age and gender and expressed as the standardized incidence ratio (SIR). UV data from 1988 to 2007 were extracted from the EUROSUN database. Results The annual daily average UV exposure of the children ranged from 85.5 to 137.8 J/cm 2. For each additional 25 J/cm 2 there was a significant increase in precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (PBC-ALL) in children aged less than 5 years (SIR: 1.18; 95%CI: 1.10-1.27). Further analysis of PBC-ALL in the young children suggested a better fit of models with a threshold, with the risk increasing above 100 J/cm 2 , for which the SIR was 1.24 (95%CI: 1.14-1.36) for a 25 J/cm² increase. The results remained stable in analyses stratifying by deprivation index or degree of urbanization of the Communes. Conclusion The study suggests that higher residential UV exposure may be positively associated with a higher incidence of PBC-ALL in early childhood. I.

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“…This is similar to the figure we derive of 1.235 per 100 J/cm 2 /day (95% CI 1.070, 1.426) (Table 3 ). A Finnish study suggested that rates of childhood ALL slightly (but non-significantly) increased during the lighter part of the year (April-September), the increase being most pronounced, about 18% (and borderline significant) for children aged 2–4 [ 20 ]. However, it is the studies of long-term solar exposure which are more comparable with the structure of our data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Finnish cancer incidence study suggested that rates of childhood ALL slightly increased during the lighter part of the year, the increase being most pronounced for children aged 2-4 [ 20 ]. A study of childhood haematological malignancies in France demonstrated increasing rates of precursor B-cell ALL with increasing levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), but no significant variation of NHL [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar ultraviolet radiation exposure, and incidence of childhood acute lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a US population-based dataset

Little,

Mai,

Fang

et al. 2024

Br J Cancer

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Background Acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are among the commonest types of childhood cancer. Some previous studies suggested that elevated ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposures increase ALL risk; many more indicate NHL risk is reduced. Methods We assessed age<20 ALL/NHL incidence in Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results data using AVGLO-derived UVR irradiance/cumulative radiant exposure measures, using quasi-likelihood models accounting for underdispersion, adjusted for age, sex, racial/ethnic group and other county-level socioeconomic variables. Results There were 30,349 cases of ALL and 8062 of NHL, with significant increasing trends of ALL with UVR irradiance (relative risk (RR) = 1.200/mW/cm2 (95% CI 1.060, 1.359, p = 0.0040)), but significant decreasing trends for NHL (RR = 0.646/mW/cm2 (95% CI 0.512, 0.816, p = 0.0002)). There was a borderline-significant increasing trend of ALL with UVR cumulative radiant exposure (RR = 1.444/MJ/cm2 (95% CI 0.949, 2.197, p = 0.0865)), and significant decreasing trends for NHL (RR = 0.284/MJ/cm2 (95% CI 0.166, 0.485, p < 0.0001)). ALL and NHL trend RR is substantially increased among those aged 0–3. All-age trend RRs are most extreme (increasing for ALL, decreasing for NHL) for Hispanics for both UVR measures. Conclusions Our more novel finding, of excess UVR-related ALL risk, is consistent with some previous studies, but is not clear-cut, and in need of replication.

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Are sunlight deprivation and influenza epidemics associated with the onset of acute leukemia?

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Age and low levels of circulating vitamin D are associated with impaired innate immune function

Age and low levels of circulating vitamin D are associated with impaired innate immune function

Residential Exposure To Solar Ultraviolet Radiation And Incidence Of Childhood Hematological Malignancies In France 1990-2009

Solar ultraviolet radiation exposure, and incidence of childhood acute lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a US population-based dataset

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