Are the adverse health effects of air pollution modified among active children and adolescents? A review of the literature

DeFlorio-Barker, Stephanie; Zelasky, Sarah; Park, Kevin; Lobdell, Danelle T.; Stone, Susan; Rappazzo, Kristen M.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107306

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Finally, we found that air pollution affects children and adolescents more than adults due to their exposure level and physiological characteristics. Due to their increased ventilation rates and frequent outside activity, children and adolescents may be exposed to air contaminants more often [ 35 ]. In addition, the bodies of children and adolescents are still growing and their immune systems are still underdeveloped, which makes them less resistant to air pollution than adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Air Pollution and Vision Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Han,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Toxics

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The effects of air pollution on physical health are well recognized, with many studies revealing air pollution’s effects on vision disorder, yet no relationship has been established. Therefore, a meta-analysis was carried out in this study to investigate the connection between vision disorder and ambient particles (diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), diameter ≤ 10 µm (PM10)) and gaseous pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), Ozone (O3)). Twelve relevant studies published by 26 February 2024 were identified in three databases. A pooled odds ratios (ORs) of 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using random-effects meta-analysis models. Meta-analysis results revealed that for every 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and NO2 exposure, a substantially higher incidence of vision disorder was observed (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.19; OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.16). No significant correlation existed between exposure to PM10, SO2 and CO and vision disorder. However, O3 exposure was negatively associated with vision disorder. In addition, subgroup analyses revealed that PM2.5 exposure was significantly correlated with the risk of glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration and that children and adolescents were more susceptible to NO2 and PM2.5 than adults. Overall, exposure to air pollutants, especially PM2.5 and NO2, may increase the incidence of vision disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Air Pollution and Vision Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Han,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Toxics

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The Health-Related and Learning Performance Effects of Air Pollution and Other Urban-Related Environmental Factors on School-Age Children and Adolescents—A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews

Roche,

Ubalde-Lopez,

Daher

et al. 2024

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review This scoping review aims to assess the impact of air pollution, traffic noise, heat, and green and blue space exposures on the physical and cognitive development of school-age children and adolescents. While existing evidence indicates adverse effects of transport-related exposures on their health, a comprehensive scoping review is necessary to consolidate findings on various urban environmental exposures’ effects on children’s development. Recent Findings There is consistent evidence on how air pollution negatively affects children’s cognitive and respiratory health and learning performance, increasing their susceptibility to diseases in their adult life. Scientific evidence on heat and traffic noise, while less researched, indicates that they negatively affect children’s health. On the contrary, green space exposure seems to benefit or mitigate these adverse effects, suggesting a potential strategy to promote children’s cognitive and physical development in urban settings. Summary This review underscores the substantial impact of urban exposures on the physical and mental development of children and adolescents. It highlights adverse health effects that can extend into adulthood, affecting academic opportunities and well-being beyond health. While acknowledging the necessity for more research on the mechanisms of air pollution effects and associations with heat and noise exposure, the review advocates prioritizing policy changes and urban planning interventions. This includes minimizing air pollution and traffic noise while enhancing urban vegetation, particularly in school environments, to ensure the healthy development of children and promote lifelong health.

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Impact of ambient air pollution on physical activity engagement among university students

Wangsan,

Panumasvivat,

Usanakul

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionPM2.5 poses significant health risks with prolonged exposure, potentially reducing physical activity levels. This study aims to investigate the impact of ambient PM2.5 levels on physical activity engagement among individuals.MethodsThe retrospective cross-sectional study involved 423 students from Chiang Mai University residing there between January and August 2023. We used the validated Thai version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to assess physical activity intensity during high and low pollution periods. Individuals who engage in at least 150 min of moderate-intensity or 75 min of high-intensity physical activity per week meet the recommended physical activity guidelines. Multiple logistic regression analyzed air pollution's relation to physical activity intensity, and Cochran's Q-test compared activity levels across pollution periods.ResultsRecommended physical activity prevalence was 76.36% during high PM2.5 and 71.63% during low PM2.5 periods, it showed higher physical activity during polluted periods (p = 0.049). Individuals' behavior showed a preference for indoor exercise (p < 0.001), consistent PM2.5 level checks (p < 0.001) during high PM2.5 periods. Internal motivation significantly associated with recommended physical activity in both low and high PM2.5 periods (aOR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.14 – 5.27 and aOR = 4.00, 95% CI = 1.84 – 8.70, respectively). The outdoor exercise significantly associated with the recommended physical activity only during the low PM2.5 period (aOR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.03 – 2.87).ConclusionUniversity students showed increased physical activity intensity during high PM2.5 periods, favoring indoor exercise in polluted environments. This behavioral shift highlights environmental pollution's influence on lifestyle choices and cornering on health outcomes. Government and university support is crucial for implementing measures to mitigate PM2.5 pollution, including promoting safe indoor exercise, enhancing pollution control measures, and developing air quality monitoring and warning systems.

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Are the adverse health effects of air pollution modified among active children and adolescents? A review of the literature

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Ambient Air Pollution and Vision Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ambient Air Pollution and Vision Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Health-Related and Learning Performance Effects of Air Pollution and Other Urban-Related Environmental Factors on School-Age Children and Adolescents—A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews

Impact of ambient air pollution on physical activity engagement among university students

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