Are there discrete distal-proximal representations of the index finger and palm in the human somatosensory cortex? A neuromagnetic study

Hashimoto, Isao; Mashiko, T.; Kimura, Tomoaki; Imada, Toshiaki

doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(98)00018-2

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We propose that the 15ms peak seen in our monkey MEG digit data corresponds to the 40ms wave in human MEG data of digit stimulation observed in our data and elsewhere (Disbrow et al, 2001; Hämäläinen et al, 1993; Hashimoto et al, 1999; Kekoni et al, 1992). It is also likely that the sometimes-seen earlier peak at 3–10ms in the monkey MEG data corresponds to the sometimes-seen 20ms peak in the human MEG data for tactile digit stimuli, and that the later 30ms/40ms peak in the monkey responses corresponds to the human 80ms peak which likely emanates from S2 and surrounding cortex (Table 2; Disbrow et al, 2001; Hamalainen et al, 1990; Hari et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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MEG in the macaque monkey and human: Distinguishing cortical fields in space and time

Zumer¹,

Nagarajan²,

Krubitzer³

et al. 2010

Brain Research

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Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is an increasingly popular non-invasive tool used to record, on a millisecond timescale, the magnetic field changes generated by cortical neural activity. MEG has the advantage, over fMRI for example, that it is a direct measure of neural activity. In the current investigation we used MEG to measure cortical responses to tactile and auditory stimuli in the macaque monkey. We had two aims. First, we sought to determine whether MEG, a technique that may have low spatial accuracy, could be used to distinguish the location and organization of sensory cortical fields in macaque monkeys, a species with a relatively small brain compared to that of the human. Second, we wanted to examine the temporal dynamics of cortical responses in the macaque monkey relative to the human. We recorded MEG data from anesthetized monkeys and, for comparison, from awake humans that were presented with simple tactile and auditory stimuli. Neural source reconstruction of MEG data showed that primary somatosensory and auditory cortex could be differentiated and, further, that separate representations of the digit and lip within somatosensory cortex could be identified in macaque monkeys as well as humans. We compared the latencies of activity from monkey and human data for the three stimulation types and proposed a correspondence between the neural responses of the two species. We thus demonstrate the feasibility of using MEG in the macaque monkey and provide a non-human primate model for examining the relationship between external evoked magnetic fields and their underlying neural sources.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…4, top). This peak corresponds to the well described somatosensory M50 (Hämäläinen et al, 1993; Hashimoto et al, 1999; Kekoni et al, 1992). An early peak was observed in 2/4 subjects at 22.5ms +/− 0.7ms (range 22–23ms) which has also been described elsewhere (Buchner et al, 1994, Disbrow et al, 2001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

MEG in the macaque monkey and human: Distinguishing cortical fields in space and time

Zumer¹,

Nagarajan²,

Krubitzer³

et al. 2010

Brain Research

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“…Using MEG and stimulating p1 to p4 of the index finger, Hashimoto et al (1999a,b) repeatedly observed non-ordered phalanx representations, whereas Hlushchuk et al (2004) found p3 to be represented superior to p1, in qualitative agreement with the monkey data. Exploring the phalanx representations of the middle finger, Tanosaki and Hashimoto (2004) localized the p3 representation lateral to that of p1, in contrast to the Blankenburg et al (2003) where p3 was found superior to p1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Individual fMRI maps of all phalanges and digit bases of all fingers in human primary somatosensory cortex

Schweisfurth¹,

Frahm²,

Schweizer³

2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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This study determined the individual maps of all fingers in Brodmann area 3b of the human primary somatosensory cortex in a single fMRI session by tactile stimulation at 19 sites across all phalanges and digit bases of the 5 right-hand digits. To quantify basic features of the digit maps within and across subjects, we applied standard descriptive measures, but also implemented a novel quantitative analysis. This so-called Direction/Order (DiOr) method tested whether subjects exhibited an ordering of peak fMRI representations along their individual direction of alignment through the set of analyzed phalanges and whether these individual directions were similar across subjects. Across-digit analysis demonstrated that for each set of homologous phalanges, the D5-to-D1 representations were successively represented along a common direction of alignment. Hence, the well-known mediolateral D5-to-D1 somatotopy was not only confirmed for the distal phalanges (p1), but could also be shown for the medial (p2) and proximal phalanges (p3). In contrast, the peak activation for the digit bases (p4) only partly elicited that digit succession. Complementary, intra-digit analysis revealed a divergent picture of map topography for the different digits. Within D5 (and in a trend: D4), an ordered p1-to-p3 succession was found across subjects, pointing to a consistent intra-digit somatotopy for D5, with p3 generally found medial-posterior to p1. In contrast, for D1, D2, and D3, most subjects did not present with ordered p1-to-p3 maps nor were directions of alignment similarly oriented between subjects. These digits therefore exhibited highly diverse representation patterns across subjects.

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“…The few reports of intra-digit somatotopy in human subjects in BA 3b led to only limited consistency. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and vibrotactile stimulation of the phalanges of the index finger and palm Hashimoto and co-workers could not find statistically significant differences in location (Hashimoto et al, 1999a(Hashimoto et al, , 1999b. Later, Tanosaki and Hashimoto applied electric stimulation and reported p3 for the middle finger to be 2.3 mm lateral to p1 (Tanosaki and Hashimoto, 2004), while Hlushchuk and co-workers found that p1 was located 3 mm inferior to p3 for pneumatic stimulation (Hlushchuk et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional MRI indicates consistent intra-digit topographic maps in the little but not the index finger within the human primary somatosensory cortex

2011

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Are there discrete distal-proximal representations of the index finger and palm in the human somatosensory cortex? A neuromagnetic study

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

MEG in the macaque monkey and human: Distinguishing cortical fields in space and time

MEG in the macaque monkey and human: Distinguishing cortical fields in space and time

Individual fMRI maps of all phalanges and digit bases of all fingers in human primary somatosensory cortex

Functional MRI indicates consistent intra-digit topographic maps in the little but not the index finger within the human primary somatosensory cortex

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