Are there effective nonsurgical treatments of bunions?

Abstract

percent of case patients bed-shared compared with 13% of control patients. Overall, bed-sharing was associated with an increased risk of SIDS (11 studies, N58,959, OR 2.89; 95% CI,. When bedsharing was not routine and only performed on the "last sleep," the risk of SIDS increased (four studies, total number participants not stated, OR 2.18; 95% CI, 1.45-3.28). SIDS risk was not increased when bedsharing was routine (two studies, total number participants not stated, OR 1.42; 95% CI, 0.85-2.38). An increased risk of SIDS was observed when there was maternal smoking and bed-sharing (4 studies, total number participants not stated, OR 6.27; 95% CI, 3.94-9.99), but not for nonsmokers (3 studies, total number participants not stated, OR 1.66; 95% CI, 0.91-3.01). Bed-sharing with infants ,12 weeks old increased the risk of SIDS (3 studies, total number participants not stated, OR 10.37; 95% CI, 4.44-24.21), but not with infants .12 weeks old (3 studies, total number participants not stated, OR 1.02; 95% CI, 0.49-2.12). A potential limitation of this meta-analysis was that the studies spanned from 1987 to 2006 which was both before and after the "back to sleep" campaign which started in 1994 that decreased the overall rate of SIDS. Another limitation was the diversity in methods across studies, although confounders such as socioeconomic status and sleeping position were controlled.