Are there reliable changes in memory and executive functions after cognitive behavioural therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Vandborg, Sanne Kjær; Hartmann, T.; Bennedsen, Birgit Egedal; Pedersen, Anders Degn; Thomsen, Per Hove

doi:10.1080/13546805.2014.981649

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…OCD can be effectively treated using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), including exposure-in vivo and response prevention (ERP), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) (24). Some treatment studies using CBT reported effects of treatment on task performance (25)(26)(27)(28)(29), while others did not (30)(31)(32). Some studies reported increased task-related BOLD signal after treatment in the prefrontal, temporal and parietal cortices and putamen (30), whereas others reported decreased taskrelated activation after treatment in the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes, and hippocampal gyrus (25), and decreased insula activation (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OCD patients have been found to show mild to moderate problems in broad areas of executive function, including response inhibition and processing speed (7), and a recent metaanalysis showed that symptom severity to some extent may affect response time and other neuropsychological measures, though the degree of explained variance is likely small and the majority of studies did not find a significant association (58). There are inconsistent findings of treatment effects on neuropsychological performance, where some studies reported that pre-treatment abnormal task performance (compared with healthy controls) remained after CBT (25,26,31,32), while other studies found improvements after CBT (27)(28)(29)(30). One possible explanation for the inconsistent results in treatment studies may be that previous findings represent a mixture of between-and within-person effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disentangling Within- and Between-Person Effects During Response Inhibition in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

et al. 2021

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Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been related to worse performance, abnormal brain activity, and functional connectivity during response inhibition. Whether these findings are indications of stable traits that contribute to the development of the disorder, or whether they are a result of the state severity of obsessions and anxiety, remains unclear since previous research mainly has employed cross-sectional designs. The present study aimed to assess longitudinal between- and within-person relationships between symptoms, task performance, right inferior frontal gyrus brain activation, and connectivity between the right amygdala and the right pre-supplementary motor area in 29 OCD patients before and after concentrated exposure and response prevention treatment.Method: Patients received exposure and response prevention delivered during 4 consecutive days, following the Bergen 4-day Treatment format. Patients performed a Stop Signal Task during 3T functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging the day before treatment, as well as 1 week and 3 months after treatment completion. Multilevel models were used to analyze disaggregated within- and between-person effects over time. Independent variables were scores on the symptom severity scales for OCD, anxiety, depression, and state distress during scanning. Dependent variables were reaction time for go trials, stop signal response time, task-related brain activation and connectivity.Results: A positive between-person effect was found for obsessive-compulsive, anxiety, and depressive symptom severity on go trial reaction time, indicating that patients with higher symptom scores on average respond slower during accurate go trials. We also found no significant between- or within-person relations between symptom severity and task-related activation or fronto-limbic connectivity.Conclusions: The between-person findings may point toward a general association between slower processing speed and symptom severity in OCD. Longitudinal studies should disaggregate between- and within-person effects to better understand variation over time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling Within- and Between-Person Effects During Response Inhibition in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

et al. 2021

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“…Vandborg et al. (2014) observed that patients with OCD performed worse on the RCFT compared to healthy controls both before and after CBT. They concluded that impaired visuospatial memory and organizational skills in patients with OCD could be trait‐related rather than state‐dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[77] Although the difference was not statistically significant, our results indicate a trend wherein patients with OCD who responded to CBGT displayed greater posttreatment improvement in organization strategy on the RCFT and attention and executive function as measured by the TMT than did nonresponders, suggesting that the neuropsychological test performance in these domains could be associated with symptom severity. Vandborg et al (2014) [78] observed that patients with OCD performed worse on the RCFT compared to healthy controls both before and after CBT. They concluded Depression and Anxiety that impaired visuospatial memory and organizational skills in patients with OCD could be trait-related rather than state-dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Predictors of Treatment Response to Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

et al. 2016

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“…Because different studies highlight the limited scope and quality of the treatments (Jorm et al, 2017), some authors propose specifically treating cognitive deficits in order to improve them and achieve better therapy outcomes. Thus, for example, a recent study found that CBT did not produce changes in memory and executive functions, so these variables were interpreted as traits rather than as states or a consequence of clinical symptoms (Vandborg et al, 2015). In this sense, several authors point out that it is feasible to improve well-established psychological treatments by improving memory and learning through cognitive and educational techniques (Harvey et al, 2014).…”

Section: Evidence In Favor Of Neuropsychological-based Psychothe-rapy For Mental Disorders In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological deficits in internalizing and externalizing disorders

Rama-Victor

Rodríguez

2020

Psychologica

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Over the past three decades, our understanding of the nature, assessment and treatment of childhood mental disorders has increased significantly. Some of the most recent advances come from transdiagnostic and neuropsychological-based approaches. While the relationship of similar neuropsychological deficits with some mental disorders, such as neurodevelopmental and severe mental disorders like schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, is widely established, there is more controversy about their relationship with the so-called internalizing and externalizing disorders. In this article, our goal was to highlight the potential of incorporating cognitive strategies from integrative neuropsychological and transdiagnostic approaches to improve the effectiveness of empirically-supported cognitive-behavioral therapy for internalizing and externalizing mental disorders in childhood and adolescence. The results of the present work indicate that the vast majority of internalizing disorders, including the presence of anxiety, depressive, trauma-and stress-related, and obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as externalizing symptoms (corresponding to conduct disorder and ODD), present neuropsychological deficits and that their consideration may be relevant to improve the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions in children and adolescents by incorporating neuropsychology-based assessment and treatment tools. The inclusion of neuropsychological support strategies in therapy for childhood mental disorders implies an advance and has clear implications for the enhancement of psychological care for childhood mental disorders.

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Are there reliable changes in memory and executive functions after cognitive behavioural therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Disentangling Within- and Between-Person Effects During Response Inhibition in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Disentangling Within- and Between-Person Effects During Response Inhibition in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Neuropsychological Predictors of Treatment Response to Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Neuropsychological deficits in internalizing and externalizing disorders

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