Are There Sex-Specific Differences in Response to Adjunctive Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis?

Dutta, Noton K.; Schneider, Bianca E.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01465

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Both genetic factors and hormonal mediators could account for sex-based disparities in immune responses 13 . Notably, we found a higher likelihood of extrapulmonary involvement in female patients between their forties and sixties, which suggests the effect of hormonal mediators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of sex on tuberculosis location and severity across the lifespan

Min

Park

Kim

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Disparities exist between sexes regarding tuberculosis (TB) incidence, as well as disease severity and outcome. Using a nationwide TB registry database, we explored the impact of sex and age on extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) among all enrolled patients by (1) calculating the female proportion for every age category according to TB-affected locations, (2) calculating the proportions of EPTB stratified by sex according to age, (3) conducting multivariable analysis to examine the impact of sex and age on EPTB likelihood, and (4) assessing the odds of EPTB for female compared to male as reference in every age category. Further, we explored the impact of sex and age on disease severity among pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. Of all the TB patients, 40.1% were female, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.49. The proportion of females was lowest in their fifties, resembling a U-shape. The male-to-female ratios in PTB and EPTB were 1.67 and 1.03, respectively. Compared to men, women were significantly associated with EPTB in their forties, fifties, and sixties. Female patients with PTB had significantly lower odds of having cavitation and positive smear test results in their fifties. Significant differences were found concerning TB location and severity between sexes, especially during reproductive age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of sex on tuberculosis location and severity across the lifespan

Min

Park

Kim

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Aside from the influence of hormones, genetics might have a critical impact on improving women’s susceptibility to infections like TB since the X chromosome expresses several immune-related genes and immune-associated microRNAs. Women therefore may benefit from having 2 X chromosomes ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sex and Sex-Based Disparities on Prevalent Tuberculosis, Vietnam, 2017–2018

Nguyen¹,

Brals²,

Tiemersma³

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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To assess sex disparities in tuberculosis in Vietnam, we conducted a nested, case–control study based on a 2017 tuberculosis prevalence survey. We defined the case group as all survey participants with laboratory–confirmed tuberculosis and the control group as a randomly selected group of participants with no tuberculosis. We used structural equation modeling to describe pathways from sex to tuberculosis according to an a priori conceptual framework. Our analysis included 1,319 participants, of whom 250 were case-patients. We found that sex was directly associated with tuberculosis prevalence (adjusted odds ratio for men compared with women 3.0 [95% CI 1.7–5.0]) and indirectly associated through other domains. The strong sex difference in tuberculosis prevalence is explained by a complex interplay of factors relating to behavioral and environmental risks, access to healthcare, and clinical manifestations. However, after controlling for all those factors, a direct sex effect remains that might be caused by biological factors.

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Sex-specific blood-derived RNA biomarkers for childhood tuberculosis

Krishnan,

Bobak,

Hill

2024

Sci Rep

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Confirmatory diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis (TB) remains a challenge mainly due to its dependence on sputum samples and the paucibacillary nature of the disease. Thus, only ~ 30% of suspected cases in children are diagnosed and the need for minimally invasive, non-sputum-based biomarkers remains unmet. Understanding host molecular changes by measuring blood-based transcriptomic markers has shown promise as a diagnostic tool for TB. However, the implication of sex contributing to disease heterogeneity and therefore diagnosis remains to be understood. Using publicly available gene expression data (GSE39939, GSE39940; n = 370), we report a sex-specific RNA biomarker signature that could improve the diagnosis of TB disease in children. We found four gene biomarker signatures for male (SLAMF8, GBP2, WARS, and FCGR1C) and female pediatric patients (GBP6, CELSR3, ALDH1A1, and GBP4) from Kenya, South Africa, and Malawi. Both signatures achieved a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 70%, which approaches the WHO-recommended target product profile for a triage test. Our gene signatures outperform most other gene signatures reported previously for childhood TB diagnosis.

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Are There Sex-Specific Differences in Response to Adjunctive Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis?

Cited by 4 publications

References 40 publications

Differential effects of sex on tuberculosis location and severity across the lifespan

Differential effects of sex on tuberculosis location and severity across the lifespan

Influence of Sex and Sex-Based Disparities on Prevalent Tuberculosis, Vietnam, 2017–2018

Sex-specific blood-derived RNA biomarkers for childhood tuberculosis

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