Are Traits That Experience Reinforcement Also under Sexual Selection?

Higgie,; Blows,

doi:10.2307/4541104

Cited by 29 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Because sexual selection arose in our study from female mate choice, such differences imply that female mate preferences vary between sympatry and allopatry. Similar differences in female preferences between four independent sympatric and allopatric populations of D. serrata were found by Higgie and Blows (2007) for males derived from a mixed population that comprised the full range of allopatric and sympatric phenotypes.…”

Section: Linear Sexual Selectionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Comparing Complex Fitness Surfaces: Among‐Population Variation in Mutual Sexual Selection inDrosophila serrata

Rundle

Chenoweth

Blows

2008

The American Naturalist

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Section: Linear Sexual Selectionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Comparing Complex Fitness Surfaces: Among‐Population Variation in Mutual Sexual Selection inDrosophila serrata

Rundle

Chenoweth

Blows

2008

The American Naturalist

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“…The former experiment evaluated whether S. multiplicata females in mixed-(as opposed to pure-) species populations are locally adapted to discriminate against S. bombifrons, as expected under the reinforcement hypothesis [5,6,45,46]. The latter experiment evaluated whether reinforcement acting in mixed-species populations has led to divergent preferences for a conspecific male trait in mixed-versus pure-species populations, as expected if reinforcement affects the expression of mate preferences for conspecific males [1,[7][8][9]13,22,23,25,26]. That selection to discriminate between species concomitantly impacts female mate choice within species is a key mechanism by which reinforcement (and, more generally, reproductive character displacement) could promote divergence between conspecific populations in sympatry and allopatry [1,8,22].…”

Section: Materials and Methods (A) Female Mate Preferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the evolution of such preferences concomitantly alters female preferences for conspecific males, then reproductive isolation between conspecific populations in sympatry and allopatry become plausible. Indeed, if, as a consequence of reproductive character displacement, sympatric females find allopatric conspecific males unattractive and allopatric females find sympatric conspecific males unattractive, then reproductive isolation between sympatry and allopatry becomes likely [1,2,7,21,[23][24][25][26]. Such divergent mating behaviour can occur when reproductive character displacement generates trade-offs in optimal patterns of either female preference or male trait expression in sympatric versus allopatric populations [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement generates reproductive isolation between neighbouring conspecific populations of spadefoot toads

Pfennig

Rice

2014

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Reproductive character displacement is the adaptive evolution of traits that minimize deleterious reproductive interactions between species. When arising from selection to avoid hybridization, this process is referred to as reinforcement. Reproductive character displacement generates divergence not only between interacting species, but also between conspecific populations that are sympatric with heterospecifics versus those that are allopatric. Consequently, such conspecific populations can become reproductively isolated. We compared female mate preferences in, and evaluated gene flow between, neighbouring populations of spadefoot toads that did and did not occur with heterospecifics (mixed-and pure-species populations, respectively). We found that in mixed-species populations females significantly preferred conspecifics. Such females also tended to prefer a conspecific call character that was dissimilar from heterospecifics. By contrast, females from pure-species populations did not discriminate conspecific from heterospecific calls. They also preferred a more exaggerated conspecific call character that resembles heterospecific males. Moreover, gene flow was significantly reduced between mixed-and pure-species population types. Thus, character displacement (and, more specifically, reinforcement) may initiate reproductive isolation between conspecific populations that differ in interactions with heterospecifics.

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“…D. serrata CHCs, waxy lipids present on the cuticle, are under directional sexual selection through mate choice but also have consequences for nonsexual fitness (Higgie and Blows 2007;Chenoweth et al 2010;Hine et al 2011;McGuigan et al 2011;Delcourt et al 2012). CHC profiles of individual males were determined using standard gas chromatography (GC) protocols (Sztepanacz and Rundle 2012).…”

Section: Study System and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Estimation of Additive and Mutational Genetic Variance in an Outbred Population of Drosophila serrata

2015

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How new mutations contribute to genetic variation is a key question in biology. Although the evolutionary fate of an allele is largely determined by its heterozygous effect, most estimates of mutational variance and mutational effects derive from highly inbred lines, where new mutations are present in homozygous form. In an attempt to overcome this limitation, middle-class neighborhood (MCN) experiments have been used to assess the fitness effect of new mutations in heterozygous form. However, because MCN populations harbor substantial standing genetic variance, estimates of mutational variance have not typically been available from such experiments. Here we employ a modification of the animal model to analyze data from 22 generations of Drosophila serrata bred in an MCN design. Mutational heritability, measured for eight cuticular hydrocarbons, 10 wing-shape traits, and wing size in this outbred genetic background, ranged from 0.0006 to 0.006 (with one exception), a similar range to that reported from studies employing inbred lines. Simultaneously partitioning the additive and mutational variance in the same outbred population allowed us to quantitatively test the ability of mutation-selection balance models to explain the observed levels of additive and mutational genetic variance. The Gaussian allelic approximation and house-of-cards models, which assume real stabilizing selection on single traits, both overestimated the genetic variance maintained at equilibrium, but the house-of-cards model was a closer fit to the data. This analytical approach has the potential to be broadly applied, expanding our understanding of the dynamics of genetic variance in natural populations.

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Are Traits That Experience Reinforcement Also under Sexual Selection?

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Comparing Complex Fitness Surfaces: Among‐Population Variation in Mutual Sexual Selection inDrosophila serrata

Comparing Complex Fitness Surfaces: Among‐Population Variation in Mutual Sexual Selection inDrosophila serrata

Reinforcement generates reproductive isolation between neighbouring conspecific populations of spadefoot toads

Simultaneous Estimation of Additive and Mutational Genetic Variance in an Outbred Population of Drosophila serrata

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