Are Urban Low-Income Children From Unplanned Pregnancy Exposed to Higher Levels of Environmental Tobacco Smoke?

Ren, Yuanjing; Chen, Xinguang; Stanton, Bonita

doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2010.07.008

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Ten of the 41 studies were conducted in the UK (England [5] , [24] – [26] , Scotland [27] – [30] , Wales [31] , England and Wales [32] ), eight in the USA [33] – [40] , three in Germany [41] – [43] , three in Greece [44] – [46] , two in Korea [47] , [48] and one each in Denmark [49] , Sweden [50] , Finland [51] , Norway [52] , Italy [53] , Spain [54] , Puerto Rica [55] , Australia [56] , Malaysia [57] , Mongolia [58] , South Africa [59] , India [60] , Taiwan [61] , Thailand [62] and Tehran [63] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of other studies used only self-report measures such as parental [24] , [33] , [34] , [36] , [38] , [40] , [41] , [43] , [45] , [48] , [49] , [52] , [56] , [61] , [62] or child (11–17 years of age) [46] , [59] , [60] reported exposure in the home. Two studies used parental/respondent [35] or child self-reported [51] smoking in the same room as children, and a further study [58] used child reported SHS exposure in the home and elsewhere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These included reported home smoking restrictions or location of smoking at home [24] , [34] , [36] , [38] , [41] , [43] , [49] , [61] , hours per day child exposed [35] , [51] , number of days per week child exposed [33] , [59] , [60] , number of cigarettes child exposed to [48] , exposure to cigarettes in given time periods (i.e. 12 months [40] , [56] ; seven days [58] , [62] ), smoking in the home in front of children [45] , [46] , [52] , or any smoking in presence of children [47] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven studies with mixed findings [36] , [37] , [40] , [41] , [47] , [57] , [61] investigated whether or not there was an independent relationship between income and child SHS exposure. Overall a significant association was reported in three studies [37] , [41] , [47] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of Children's Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of the Evidence

et al. 2014

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BackgroundChildren's exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) has been causally linked to a number of childhood morbidities and mortalities. Over 50% of UK children whose parents are smokers are regularly exposed to SHS at home. No previous review has identified the factors associated with children's SHS exposure in the home.AimTo identify by systematic review, the factors which are associated with children's SHS exposure in the home, determined by parent or child reports and/or biochemically validated measures including cotinine, carbon monoxide or home air particulate matter.MethodsElectronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL and Web of Knowledge to July 2014, and hand searches of reference lists from publications included in the review were conducted.FindingsForty one studies were included in the review. Parental smoking, low socioeconomic status and being less educated were all frequently and consistently found to be independently associated with children's SHS exposure in the home. Children whose parents held more negative attitudes towards SHS were less likely to be exposed. Associations were strongest for parental cigarette smoking status; compared to children of non-smokers, those whose mothers or both parents smoked were between two and 13 times more likely to be exposed to SHS.ConclusionMultiple factors are associated with child SHS exposure in the home; the best way to reduce child SHS exposure in the home is for smoking parents to quit. If parents are unable or unwilling to stop smoking, they should instigate smoke-free homes. Interventions targeted towards the socially disadvantaged parents aiming to change attitudes to smoking in the presence of children and providing practical support to help parents smoke outside the home may be beneficial.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of Children's Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of the Evidence

et al. 2014

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“…Gold et al stated in their literature review that environmental tobacco smoking, and particularly maternal smoking, increases the risk of asthma symptoms in children less than 6 years of age [21]. The effect of exposure to tobacco smoke on the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children has been studied extensively, however, most of these studies were performed in urban settings [21-24]. Noonan et al included 396 children from grade one till eight from two rural villages in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of asthma symptoms in Warao Amerindian children in Venezuela is significantly associated with open-fire cooking: a cross-sectional observational study

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) reported a prevalence of asthma symptoms in 17 centers in nine Latin American countries that was similar to prevalence rates reported in non-tropical countries. It has been proposed that the continuous exposure to infectious diseases in rural populations residing in tropical areas leads to a relatively low prevalence of asthma symptoms. As almost a quarter of Latin American people live in rural tropical areas, the encountered high prevalence of asthma symptoms is remarkable. Wood smoke exposure and environmental tobacco smoke have been identified as possible risk factors for having asthma symptoms.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional observational study from June 1, 2012 to September 30, 2012 in which we interviewed parents and guardians of Warao Amerindian children from Venezuela. Asthma symptoms were defined according to the ISAAC definition as self-reported wheezing in the last 12 months. The associations between wood smoke exposure and environmental tobacco smoke and the prevalence of asthma symptoms were calculated by means of univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsWe included 630 children between two and ten years of age. Asthma symptoms were recorded in 164 of these children (26%). The prevalence of asthma symptoms was associated with the cooking method. Children exposed to the smoke produced by cooking on open wood fires were at higher risk of having asthma symptoms compared to children exposed to cooking with gas (AOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.18 - 3.84). Four percent of the children lived in a household where more than ten cigarettes were smoked per day and they had a higher risk of having asthma symptoms compared to children who were not exposed to cigarette smoke (AOR 2.69, 95% CI 1.11 - 6.48).ConclusionOur findings suggest that children living in rural settings in a household where wood is used for cooking or where more than ten cigarettes are smoked daily have a higher risk of having asthma symptoms.

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Exposure to indoor air pollution across socio-economic groups in high-income countries: A scoping review of the literature and a modelling methodology

Ferguson

Taylor

Davies

et al. 2020

Environment International

125

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Highlights Households of low socio-economic status generally experience poorer indoor air quality. Higher radon concentrations were found in homes with a greater material wealth. Building modifications may worsen indoor air quality without appropriate ventilation. Models can analyse the effect of building modifications on indoor air quality.

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Are Urban Low-Income Children From Unplanned Pregnancy Exposed to Higher Levels of Environmental Tobacco Smoke?

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Predictors of Children's Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of the Evidence

Predictors of Children's Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of the Evidence

High prevalence of asthma symptoms in Warao Amerindian children in Venezuela is significantly associated with open-fire cooking: a cross-sectional observational study

Exposure to indoor air pollution across socio-economic groups in high-income countries: A scoping review of the literature and a modelling methodology

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