Are we moving the dial? Canadian health research funding trends for women’s health, 2S/LGBTQ + health, sex, or gender considerations

Abstract

Background Sex and gender impacts health outcomes and disease risk throughout life. The health of women and members of the Two-Spirit, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer or Questioning (2S/LGBTQ +) community is often compromised as they experience delays in diagnosis. Distinct knowledge gaps in the health of these populations have prompted funding agencies to mandate incorporation of sex and gender into research. Sex- and gender-informed research perspectives and methodology increases rigor, promotes discovery, and expands the relevance of health research. Thus, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) implemented a sex and gender-based analysis (SGBA) framework recommending the inclusion of SGBA in project proposals in 2010 and then mandating the incorporation of SGBA into grant proposals in 2019. To examine whether this mandate resulted in increased mention of sex or gender in funded research abstracts, we searched the publicly available database of grant abstracts funded by CIHR to analyze the percentage of abstracts that mentioned sex or gender of the population to be studied in the funded research. To better understand broader health equity issues we also examined whether the funded grant abstracts mentioned either female-specific health research or research within the 2S/LGBTQ + community. Results We categorized a total of 8,964 Project and Operating grant abstracts awarded from 2009 to 2020 based on their study of female-specific or a 2S/LGBTQ + populations or their mention of sex or gender. Overall, under 3% of grant abstracts funded by CIHR explicitly mentioned sex and/or gender, as 1.94% of grant abstracts mentioned sex, and 0.66% mentioned gender. As one of the goals of SGBA is to inform on health equity and understudied populations with respect to SGBA, we also found that 5.92% of grant abstracts mentioned female-specific outcomes, and 0.35% of grant abstracts focused on the 2S/LGBTQ + community. Conclusions Although there was an increased number of funded grants with abstracts that mentioned sex and 2S/LGBTQ + health across time, these increases were less than 2% between 2009 and 2020. The percentage of funded grants with abstracts mentioning female-specific health or gender differences did not change significantly over time. The percentage of funding dollars allocated to grants in which the abstracts mentioned sex or gender also did not change substantially from 2009 to 2020, with grant abstracts mentioning sex or female-specific research increasing by 1.26% and 3.47%, respectively, funding allocated to research mentioning gender decreasing by 0.49% and no change for 2S/LGBTQ +-specific health. Our findings suggest more work needs to be done to ensure the public can evaluate what populations will be examined with the funded research with respect to sex and gender to advance awareness and health equity in research.

Impaired parvalbumin interneurons in the retrosplenial cortex as the cause of sex-dependent vulnerability in Alzheimer’s disease

“…However, despite these well-established discrepancies, sex-stratified data from randomized clinical trials of AD treatments is scarce 46,47 . Even when considering pre-clinical models, the potential for sex differences is often not reported or assessed 48,49 . The results of the current study identify both a sex difference in the baseline expression density of PV-INs in female humans and mice.…”

Adaptación Transcultural De Instrumentos Para El Estudio De Acoso Psicológico Y Factores Relacionados en Enfermeras-Os

“…En la participación de las expertas de las áreas de salud ocupacional, administración y gestión, violencia en el trabajo, y ambientes laborales, se observó diferencias en formación y área de desempeño actual lo que explica, en cierta medida, algunos focos diferenciados entre los grupos, como por ejemplo: la aplicación de perspectiva de género en la redacción de ítems por parte de expertas chilenas. La consideración de la perspectiva de género en todas las etapas de la investigación científica ha cobrado fuerza, al punto de convertirse en una política en ciertos países desarrollados (19) . De esta forma, las observaciones entregadas por dichas expertas se encontrarían alineadas con las guías internacionales actuales.…”

“…Corresponde a la calidad de vida profesional percibida por una persona que provee de ayuda, lo anterior incluye aspectos positivos como negativos de hacer el trabajo que influyen en la calidad de vida profesional (18,19) .…”

An Analysis of Two-Spirit, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer Research Funded by Canadian Institutes of Health Research

“…In a previous study, we examined the published public abstracts of all Operating and Project Grants funded by CIHR from 2009 to 2020 using the CIHR Funding Decisions Database (see Stranges et al, 2023 for detailed methodology). Operating and Project Grants are CIHR's major funding competitions (akin to R01 mechanisms through the NIH).…”

“…Given the importance of studying 2S/LGBTQ+ health questions, it is concerning that recent research from our group revealed that less than 1% of all the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Operating and Project Grants were awarded to projects considering 2S/LGBTQ+ health from 2009-2020 21 . This finding highlights that 2S/LGBTQ+ health requires explicit attention and funding dollars to address the long-standing social and health disparities within these populations.…”