Are Women More Averse to Corruption than Men? The Case of South Korea

Lee, Aie‐Rie; Chávez, Kerry

doi:10.1111/ssqu.12768

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, as noted by Lee and Chávez (2020, p. 476), “[b]ehavioral theories suggest that as women's opportunities and roles more closely simulate those of men, so too will their perceptions and attitudes.” Therefore, we could also expect the actual gender gap in corruptness to be larger in more corrupt societies with a higher level of gender inequality, which in turn could also have an impact on the perceived gender gap. Nevertheless, we will still proceed from the theoretical argument that a higher risk should be associated with a greater tendency to perceive women as less corrupt than men.…”

Section: Gender and The Perceived Tendency To Engage In Corruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cautious or marginalized? Perceptions of the riskiness of engaging in corruption and gender differences in corruptness

Malmberg,

Saikkonen

2024

Politics & Policy

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Previous studies suggest that women are often perceived as less corrupt and more risk averse, possibly due to longstanding asymmetries in power and marginalization that reproduce certain gender stereotypes. However, much remains unclear regarding the origins of these perceptions. Why are some individuals and societies more prone to perceive women as less corrupt than men? We present the first cross‐country examination of these questions utilizing data from the latest wave of the World Values Survey, covering a total of 49 countries. Our results suggest that both perceived riskiness of corruption and attitude toward gender equality, in addition to the overall level of gender inequality in society, matter in explaining a stronger belief in gender differences in corruptness. However, the positive association between a higher perceived riskiness and the perception that women are less corrupt is mostly limited to societies with high levels of corruption and gender inequality.Related ArticlesCaillier, James. 2010. “Citizen Trust, Political Corruption, and Voting Behavior: Connecting the Dots.” Politics & Policy 38(5): 1015–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2010.00267.Malmberg, Fredrik G., and Henrik Serup Christensen. 2021. “Voting Women, Protesting Men: A Multilevel Analysis of Corruption, Gender, and Political Participation.” Politics & Policy 49(1): 126–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12393.Tusalem, Rollin F. 2022. “Does Gendered Representation in National Legislatures Promote Substantive Representation and Human Development? Evidence from the Developing World.” Politics & Policy 50(6): 1096–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12503.

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Section: Gender and The Perceived Tendency To Engage In Corruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cautious or marginalized? Perceptions of the riskiness of engaging in corruption and gender differences in corruptness

Malmberg,

Saikkonen

2024

Politics & Policy

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“…Some authors also show that gender is not as crucial as individual characteristics and state that gender is insignificantly related to fraud. For example, one may consider a paper about women's aversion to corruption by A.-R.Lee, K. Chávez [31], who find that corruption is heterogeneous among women with different individual opportunities. The authors propose that the probability of women's fraud cases varies among different corruption types, and cannot analyse corruption as a general concept.…”

Section: Gender Diversity As a Factor In Decreasing The Likelihood Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Fraud Probability: Evidence from Russian Companies

Соболева,

Макеева,

Асланян

2024

КФ

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This study examines the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on the probability of corporate fraud occurrence. We evaluate the board size, the degree of independence, and the frequency of meetings of the board and its committees. We also attempt to analyse the board’s gender diversity, but since boards are not gender-diverse in Russia, the significance of this variable cannot be tested. Our empirical study is based on 160 observations of MOEX-listed Russian companies, among which fraudulent behaviour has been revealed in 32 companies over a 5-year period from 2014 to 2018. The relationship between the probability of fraud occurrence and corporate governance was investigated employing a logit model. The data was collected from firms’ annual reports and Thomson Reuters Eikon. Data on fraud cases is based on the evidence from the press (including the leading news sources and specialised websites). We detected a significant negative relationship between nomination and remuneration committee chairmen’s independence, the share of independent directors, the independence of board and audit committee chairmen and the likelihood of fraud. We also discovered the insignificant influence of board and its committees’ size and their meetings’ frequency on fraud probability. This paper contributes to the academic research on the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and probability of fraud occurrence, emphasizing the special role of the establishment of nomination and remuneration committee chairman independence in Russian companies.

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“…There is also a gender gap in perceptions of corruption. In the Korean context, Women are more tolerant of inappropriate claims of state benefits (Lee & Chavez, 2020). Culture can also influence an individual's perception of ethical behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indonesia’s Women: Corruption Is a Normal Thing (Survey of Women’s Perception of Corruption in Indonesia)

Wulandari,

Fitriawan,

Nugroho

et al. 2024

Sage Open

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This research is quantitative research with a survey method that aims to obtain and determine the level of perception, namely on situational factors, perception factors, and object factors with research subjects namely women in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The sample in this study was women with an age range of 16 to 45 years with a total sample of 1,171 respondents and the distribution of research questionnaires was carried out online. The research finds that the situation factor which became the first indicator in this study, there were six questions given with an average of 78.62 or in the very good category range. The second indicator is the perception factor with eight questions that get an average of 60.34 so that it is included in the good category. The third indicator is the object factor with six questions that have a higher average value of 88.82 with an excellent category. This shows that the index of women’s perceptions of corruption cases in Indonesia has a very good index on the object factor, a good index on the situation factor, and a good index on the perception factor. However, women in Indonesia also perceive corruption as a normal thing and it has even become a culture in people’s lives. Therefore, it can be interpreted that corruption cases become objects or targets of events that are very influential in the minds or perceptions of women in Indonesia.

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Are Women More Averse to Corruption than Men? The Case of South Korea

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Cautious or marginalized? Perceptions of the riskiness of engaging in corruption and gender differences in corruptness

Cautious or marginalized? Perceptions of the riskiness of engaging in corruption and gender differences in corruptness

The Influence of Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Fraud Probability: Evidence from Russian Companies

Indonesia’s Women: Corruption Is a Normal Thing (Survey of Women’s Perception of Corruption in Indonesia)

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