Are young women with Turner syndrome at greater risk of coronary artery disease?

Kozłowska−Wojciechowska, Małgorzata; Jeż, Wacław; Zdrojewski, Tomasz; Chwojnicki, Kamil

doi:10.1097/00149831-200606000-00026

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Our study population of TS women had a pro-atherogenic phenotype, which has been widely described by other authors [2,14]. Some studies have shown that monosomy 45,X [15] and the paternal X chromosome are the factors associated with higher atherogenicity [16,17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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The influence of hormonal replacement and growth hormone treatment on the lipids in Turner syndrome

Irzyniec

Wacław²

2014

Gynecological Endocrinology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Women with TS are substantially shorter than their healthy counterparts, but have higher body mass indices (BMI). In addition, higher blood pressure and disorders in lipid metabolism are characteristic of TS-women [2,3]. The changes in the lipid metabolism in TS-women have not been well studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of hormonal replacement and growth hormone treatment on the lipids in Turner syndrome

Irzyniec

Wacław²

2014

Gynecological Endocrinology

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“…Cardiovascular risk factors are similar among women and men, but it is only the male sex that comprises a risk factor for CAD. In young women, the first symptoms of CAD develop years later than in men, related to the benefit of the protective effect of oestrogens 3. Previous studies have reported a higher incidence of CAD (obstructive and non-obstructive) in patients with left dominant coronary anatomy 26 27.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mortality rate in patients with TS is around three times higher than in the general female population, mainly as a result of cardiovascular disorders 2. This includes coronary artery disease (CAD),3 the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV, 12%–30%), coarctation of the aorta (CoA, 7%–18%), partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (1%–25%)4–6 and hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Also coronary anomalies are reported frequently in patients with TS (20% vs 5% in the general population), although data are scarce 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary anatomy in Turner syndrome versus patients with isolated bicuspid aortic valves

Koenraadt

Siebelink

Bartelings

et al. 2018

Heart

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ObjectiveVariations in coronary anatomy, like absent left main stem and left dominant coronary system, have been described in patients with Turner syndrome (TS) and in patients with bicuspid aortic valves (BAV). It is unknown whether coronary variations in TS are related to BAV and to specific BAV subtypes.AimTo compare coronary anatomy in patients with TS with/without BAV versus isolated BAV and to study BAV morphology subtypes in these groups.MethodsCoronary anatomy and BAV morphology were studied in 86 patients with TS (20 TS-BAV, 66 TS-tricuspid aortic valve) and 86 patients with isolated BAV (37±13 years vs 42±15 years, respectively) by CT.ResultsThere was no significant difference in coronary dominance between patients with TS with and without BAV (25% vs 21%, p=0.933). BAVs with fusion of right and left coronary leaflets (RL BAV) without raphe showed a high prevalence of left coronary dominance in both TS-BAV and isolated BAV (both 38%). Absent left main stem was more often seen in TS-BAV as compared with isolated BAV (10% vs 0%). All patients with TS-BAV with absent left main stem had RL BAV without raphe.ConclusionThe equal distribution of left dominance in RL BAV without raphe in TS-BAV and isolated BAV suggests that presence of left dominance is a feature of BAVs without raphe, independent of TS. Both TS and RL BAV without raphe seem independently associated with absent left main stems. Awareness of the higher incidence of particularly absent left main stems is important to avoid complications during hypothermic perfusion.

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“…Abnormal lipid profiles have been described in both the adult and pediatric TS population. Hypercholesterolemia has been reported in 37–50% of women with TS over 21 years of age, a prevalence 2-fold higher than that found in the general female population [10-12]. In the pediatric TS population, evaluation of lipid profiles has demonstrated increased total cholesterol (TC), independent of age, body mass index (BMI), or karyotype in females aged 5–14 years [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Children and Young Adults with Turner Syndrome Is Not Explained By BMI Alone

et al. 2017

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Background: Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) is a convenient measure of atherogenicity (normal concentration <120 mg/dL) but has not been investigated in TS. We aim to evaluate non-HDL-C patterns in a cohort of pediatric and young adult females with TS. Methods: A retrospective chart review was used to obtain demographics, body composition, genetic reports, and lipid profiles in females with TS. Results: Lipid profiles were assessed in 158 females (mean age 13.6 years). Mean non-HDL-C was 118.9 mg/dL (±32.0); the prevalence of high non-HDL-C (≥144 mg/dL) was 17.7% (n = 28). In TS females aged 8–17 years (n = 46), the prevalence of high non-HDL-C was 23.9% (95% CI 11.1–36.7; n = 11) between 2011 and 2012, compared to 9.2% (95% CI 5.6–14.1) in females of the same age in the general population reported in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset (p < 0.005). Body mass index (BMI) accounted for only 6% of variance in non-HDL-C values (β coefficient = 1.31, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Children and adolescents aged 8–17 years with TS appear to have a greater prevalence of adverse non-HDL-C levels compared to the general adolescent population. The prevalence of high non-HDL-C was not fully explained by BMI.

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Are young women with Turner syndrome at greater risk of coronary artery disease?

Abstract: Women with Turner syndrome constitute a group at higher cardiovascular risk. This group of women requires effective preventative medicine from the earliest age.

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

The influence of hormonal replacement and growth hormone treatment on the lipids in Turner syndrome

The influence of hormonal replacement and growth hormone treatment on the lipids in Turner syndrome

Coronary anatomy in Turner syndrome versus patients with isolated bicuspid aortic valves

Increased Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Children and Young Adults with Turner Syndrome Is Not Explained By BMI Alone

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