Arecoline, a major alkaloid of the areca nut, causes neurotoxicity through enhancement of oxidative stress and suppression of the antioxidant protective system

Shih, Yu Tzu; Chen, Po See; Wu, Chi Han; Tseng, Yu Ting; Wu, Yang Chang; Lo, Yi-Ching

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.07.017

Cited by 102 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It has been revealed that arecoline showed obvious cytotoxicities on hepatocytes, bone marrow cells, lymphocytes, neuronal cell, myoblasts and endothelial cells (Chou et al 2008;Shih et al 2010Ullah et al 2014). On cancer cell lines KB, GNM and TSCCa, arecoline increased cell growth at a concentration lower than 0.8 mg/mL, but it was cytotoxic at higher concentrations at 25-400 mg/mL (Yang et al 2004).…”

Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pharmacology, toxicology and potential applications of arecoline: a review

Liu

Peng

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

114

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Context: Arecoline is an effective constituent of Areca catechu L. (Arecaceae) with various pharmacological effects. However, investigations also revealed that long use of arecoline could arouse some oral diseases. Objective: The present review gathers the fragmented information available in the literature (before 1 October 2015) regarding pharmacology and toxicology of arecoline. We also discussed the potential developments and applications of arecoline in the future. Methods: All the available information regarding the arecoline is compiled from scientific databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, etc. Results: Previous research demonstrated that arecoline is one of the major effective constituents in A. catechu. Additionally, arecoline has a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities including effects on nervous, cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine systems and anti-parasitic effects. What's more, arecoline is reported to be the primary toxic constituent of A. catechu, and the main toxic effects include oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and genotoxicity. Conclusion: Arecoline has great potential to be a therapeutic drug for various ailments. However, further investigations are needed in the future to reduce or eliminate its toxicities before developing into new drug. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arecoline (methyl-1, 2, 5, 6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-nicotinate) ( Figure 1) is an alkaloid isolated from A. catechu, and it is considered as the major effective constituent of A. catechu (Shih et al 2010;Cai et al 2012). Recently, a lot of research has investigated the potential pharmacological and toxic effects of arecoline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pharmacology, toxicology and potential applications of arecoline: a review

Liu

Peng

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Arecoline (ARE; 1,2,5,6-tetrahydrol-1-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid methyl ester) is an alkaloid extracted from areca nut and is a non-selective agonist of muscarinic receptors and shown to have carcinogenicity, cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity (Dasgupta et al, 2006;Shih et al, 2010;Li et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arecoline inhibits intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels in human glioblastoma cell lines

Huang

Hsing

et al. 2015

European Journal of Pharmacology

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“…[24] Arecoline is genotoxic and cytotoxic both in vitro and in vivo through oxidative stressdependent mechanisms. [2,25] Arecoline is also said to affect the fibroblasts and keratinocytes leading to depressed DNA synthesis, cell cycle arrest, cell death, both increased and decreased collagen production, and cytokine synthesis. Two concentrations of arecoline appeared to be critical, being 0.1 µg⁄ml for collagen stimulation and 10.1 µg⁄ml for cytotoxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of arecoline content of various forms of areca nut preparations by high-pressure thin-layer chromatography

Dutta¹,

Ramanna²,

Kamath³

2017

JCRI

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Background: Areca nut and its commercial preparations such as pan masala have been causatively linked in the disorder oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Arecoline, major alkaloid of areca nut, is involved in stimulating fibrosis through transforming growth factor beta pathway. Areca consumed in various forms and with additives alters the arecoline content of the nut. Aims: Estimation of levels of arecoline in various areca nut preparations consumed in the country (raw, boiled, and roasted) along with commercially prepared sample of areca nut (pan masala). Materials and Methods: Estimation and validation were performed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography system (CAMAG® Muttenz, Switzerland). Four samples of 5 g each of raw, roasted, boiled, and pan masala containing areca nuts were assessed. Pure arecoline was used for validation as a control. Three runs of each with inter-and intra-day validations were carried out as per established protocols. Results: Raw areca nut contains the highest concentration of arecoline (1.15 ± 0.008) followed by pan masala preparations (0.94 ± 0.006), least content in boiled areca nut (0.79 ± 0.009), while roasted variety exhibited an intermediate level (0.85 ± 0.007). Conclusions: Alteration of contents of the areca nut has great implications in its capacity to induce the potentially malignant disorder of OSF. The use of raw areca nuts in commercial preparations and well-known observations of greater incidence of the development of OSF and probable malignant transformation with these forms is probably related to their arecoline content.

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Arecoline, a major alkaloid of the areca nut, causes neurotoxicity through enhancement of oxidative stress and suppression of the antioxidant protective system

Cited by 102 publications

References 42 publications

The pharmacology, toxicology and potential applications of arecoline: a review

The pharmacology, toxicology and potential applications of arecoline: a review

Arecoline inhibits intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels in human glioblastoma cell lines

Estimation of arecoline content of various forms of areca nut preparations by high-pressure thin-layer chromatography

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