Arene and alkane hydrocarbons in nearshore Beaufort Sea sediments

Shaw, David G.; McIntosh, Douglas J.; Smith, Eleanor R.

doi:10.1016/0302-3524(79)90016-1

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In both Mackenzie delta suspended particulates and shelf sediments, the series maximum was on average at C 1 for both the phenanthrene/anthracenes and the fluoranthene/pyrenes, and was at C 1 or higher for the naphthalenes. This indicates a petrogenic source (Shaw et al, 1979;Wakeham et al, 1980a;Sporstøl et al, 1983;Yunker et al, 1993). This conclusion is strongly corroborated by isoprenoid, diagenetic 17α(H),21β(H)-hopane and 17β(H),21α(H)-moretane data (Yunker et al, 1991(Yunker et al, , 1993 and by the presence of hydrocarbon sources (oil seeps and source rock bitumens) in the lower Mackenzie watershed that have isoprenoid and hopane patterns similar to those observed in the delta (e.g., Snowdon et al, 1987;Feinstein et al, 1988).…”

Section: Pah Concentrations and Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Composition and Origins of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Mackenzie River and on the Beaufort Sea Shelf

Yunker¹,

Macdonald²

1995

ARCTIC

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in suspended particulate samples from the Mackenzie River delta and shelf sediments from the Beaufort Sea are higher than expected for a pristine area. Low concentrations of combustion PAHs indicate that anthropogenic inputs are low. Alkyl PAH distributions indicate that a significant component of the lower molecular weight parent (unsubstituted) PAH fraction is petrogenic. The majority of the high molecular weight PAHs, together with the petrogenic PAHs, have a principal source in the Mackenzie River. Despite the high PAH content, we consider the area still to be pristine. Although PAH concentrations are below the concentrations believed to induce toxic effects on biota, the high natural concentrations may make this region of the Arctic sensitive to additional PAHs from human activities. Key words: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), Arctic, baseline, sediment, effects threshold, principal components analysis RÉSUMÉ. Les concentrations d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) dans des échantillons de particules en suspension venant du delta du Mackenzie et de sédiments du plateau continental de la mer de Beaufort sont plus élevées qu'on pourrait s'y attendre pour une zone vierge. Les faibles concentrations de HAP de combustion suggèrent que l'apport anthropique est faible. La distribution des HAP alkyles indique qu'une composante importante de la fraction de HAP-mère (non substitué) à bas poids moléculaire est pétrogénétique. La majorité des HAP à haut poids moléculaire, ainsi que les HAP pétrogénétiques, ont leur source principale dans le fleuve Mackenzie. Malgré la teneur élevée en HAP, la région est toujours considérée comme vierge. Bien que les concentrations d'HAP soient inférieures aux valeurs qui pourraient avoir des effets toxiques sur le biote, les fortes concentrations naturelles peuvent rendre cette région de l'Arctique sensible aux HAP supplémentaires venant des activités humaines. Mots clés: hydrocarbure aromatique polycyclique (HAP), Arctique, données de base, sédiment, seuil des effets, analyse des principaux composants Traduit pour la revue Arctic par Nésida Loyer.

show abstract

Section: Pah Concentrations and Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Composition and Origins of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Mackenzie River and on the Beaufort Sea Shelf

Yunker¹,

Macdonald²

1995

ARCTIC

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This method of semi-quantification of the alkyl homolog groups was necessary given the complexity of the assemblages, the enormously large number of isomers, and the lack of authentic standards for most alkylated PAH. However, this methodology was deemed valid so long as both potential source materials and impacted environmental samples were analyzed under the same mass spectral conditions, thereby allowing for direct comparative analysis among samples (9). As will be evident below, the general methodology for measuring alkyl homologs in today's environmental forensic chemistry studies still relies on the same approach.…”

Section: Early Environmental Forensic Chemistry Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the standards for all of the alkylated PAHs are not and may never be commercially available; therefore, some degree of measurement bias will persist for the foreseeable future. Second, environmental forensic studies rely upon comparisons between PAH assemblages in candidate source and release area samples, which rely primarily on measurement precision and less on accuracy (9,24,26,27). Thus, so long as the PAHs in potential source materials and impacted soils and sediments are analyzed precisely (see below), their comparisons are still appropriate, i.e., absolute concentrations of the alkylated PAHs are not necessary, even when sophisticated numerical analyses are performed (31).…”

Section: Quantification Using Adopted Response Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond 16 Priority Pollutant PAHs: A Review of PACs used in Environmental Forensic Chemistry

Stout¹,

Emsbo-Mattingly²,

Douglas³

et al. 2015

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in soils and sediments, particularly in urbanized environments in which the concentrations of 16 (or so) PAHs are regulated. Distinguishing among the numerous PAH sources is of practical and legal concern and thereby is often an objective of environmental forensic chemistry studies. Studies of prospective sources and impacted soils and sediments that rely upon the 16 U.S. EPA Priority Pollutant PAHs are disadvantaged, as these few compounds generally lack the specificity to distinguish among different PAH sources in the environment. Advances in analytical and interpretive methods over several decades have shown that different PAH sources can be more defensibly distinguished using modified EPA Method 8270 that, among other improvements, measure many other polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) that co-occur with the Priority Pollutant PAHs in different sources and in the environment. The PACs include variously-alkylated PAHs and polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocyclics (PASHs) homologs and individual isomers, which are herein reviewed. Collectively, these PACs provide a higher degree of specificity among PAC sources and can be used to understand the effects of weathering on PAH assemblages. Despite their diagnostic capacity, PACs should not be relied upon at the exclusion of other compound groups (e.g., petroleum biomarkers) in most environmental forensic chemistry studies. In light of these advances, source characterization studies that rely only upon the 16 (or so) Priority Pollutant PAHs warrant considerable caution.

show abstract

“…In addition to local biosynthesis, these were attributed to petroleum contamination from a whaling station on the island and to long-distance atmospheric transport of combustion particulates. Investigation of arctic marine sediments (Shaw et al, 1979) indicated the presence of fossil hydrocarbons from natural sources in the region, as well as of biogenic and combustion-particulate associated hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Other Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollutant Distribution: A Review of Hydrocarbons in Marine Sediments

Shaw

1981

Envir. Conserv.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last century, human activity has resulted in an increasing rate of release of hydrocarbons that, in one way or another, have become parts of marine sediments. This trend is especially evident in sediments that have been deposited in the vicinity of industrialized urban centres.In this paper, hydrocarbon distribution-patterns of coastal marine sediments near to two urban centres (Providence, Rhode Island, and Los Angeles, California) are examined in detail. At each location the spatial distribution of sedimentary hydrocarbons shows the greatest concentrations in areas of natural sediment-deposition near to the urban center. Examination of sediment cores from these areas shows that fossil hydrocarbons have increased from a minor fraction of total sedimentary hydrocarbons a century ago to being the major contributors today. Results from other industrialized areas of North America and Europe indicate that these patterns are typical.Sediments that are remote from population centres have markedly lower concentrations of hydrocarbons than those deposited near to such centres, as might indeed be expected. Yet indications of anthropogenic contributions of hydrocarbons are detectable even in remote polar locations. In addition to hydrocarbons coming directly from fossil fuels, aromatic hydrocarbons that had been formed during incomplete combustion of other carbonaceous material, also accumulate in marine sediments. Fortunately, hydrocarbons from these two sources (fossil-fuel and other combustion) can be distinguished chemically.

show abstract

Arene and alkane hydrocarbons in nearshore Beaufort Sea sediments

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

Composition and Origins of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Mackenzie River and on the Beaufort Sea Shelf

Composition and Origins of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Mackenzie River and on the Beaufort Sea Shelf

Beyond 16 Priority Pollutant PAHs: A Review of PACs used in Environmental Forensic Chemistry

Pollutant Distribution: A Review of Hydrocarbons in Marine Sediments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About