Argentine hemorrhagic fever vaccines

Ambrosio, Ana María; Saavedra, María del Carmen; Mariani, Mauricio; Gamboa, Graciela S.; Maiza, Andrea S

doi:10.4161/hv.7.6.15198

Cited by 86 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition, 10% of patients receiving treatment with IgG against AHF develop a non-lethal form LNS, making immune serum an unsatisfactory long term treatment option without further understanding of LNS. The development and licensing of Candid#1, an attenuated vaccine strain of JUNV, in Argentina has greatly reduced the annual number of cases of AHF and utilization of the vaccine in endemic regions of Bolivia may reduce the chances for another large outbreak [79]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever

Patterson

Grant

Paessler

2014

Current Opinion in Virology

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The etiologic agent of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF), Machupo virus (MACV) is reported to have a mortality rate of 25 to 35%. First identified in 1959, BHF was the cause of a localized outbreak in San Joaquin until rodent population controls were implemented in 1964. The rodent Calomys collosus was identified as the primary vector and reservoir for the virus. Multiple animal models were considered during the 1970’s with the most human-like disease identified in Rhesus macaques but minimal characterization of the pathogenesis has been published since. A reemergence of reported BHF cases has been reported in recent years, which necessitates the further study and development of a vaccine to prevent future outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever

Patterson

Grant

Paessler

2014

Current Opinion in Virology

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“…Together they cause thousands of cases per year with up to a 20% case-fatality rate (Figure 1) [11]. A live-attenuated version of Junín virus, called Candid#1, is used in Argentina but is not recommended for use in pregnant women and children [12]. This vaccine represents a good example of a successful national/local vaccine that has not been approved for use in other countries.…”

Section: Arenavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Junín virus-like particles (VLPs) containing Z protein were immunogenic in mice, but have been used to demonstrate efficacy from challenge [15]. Experimental vaccines for the other NWA are not available and partial cross-protection with Candid#1 has only been reported for Machupo virus but need further evaluation [12]. …”

Section: Arenavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines for viral hemorrhagic fevers—progress and shortcomings

Falzarano

Feldmann

2013

Current Opinion in Virology

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With a few exceptions, vaccines for viruses that cause hemorrhagic fever remain unavailable or lack well-documented efficacy. In the past decade this has not been due to a lack of the ability to develop vaccine platforms against highly pathogenic viruses, but rather the lack of will/interest to invest in platforms that have the potential to become successful vaccines. The two exceptions to this are vaccines against Dengue virus and Rift Valley Fever virus, which recently have seen significant progress in putting forward new and improved vaccines, respectively. Experimental vaccines for filoviruses and Lassa virus do exist but are hindered by a lack of financial interest and only partially or ill-defined correlates/mechanisms of protection that could be assessed in clinical trials.

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“…Of these viruses, JUNV is responsible for the highest levels of morbidity and mortality, resulting in approximately 300-1000 cases diagnosed per year before the development of the Candid #1 vaccine. Since the implementation of Candid #1 vaccination, the infection rate has decreased to 30-50 cases annually (Ambrosio et al, 2011;Enria et al, 2008;Harrison et al, 1999). The mortality rate for untreated cases of JUNV infection is high, at 15-30 % (Harrison et al, 1999).…”

Section: Phylogenetic and Epidemiological Differences Between Nw And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of disease pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of New World and Old World arenavirus infections

McLay

Liang

2014

Journal of General Virology

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Arenaviruses can cause fatal human haemorrhagic fever (HF) diseases for which vaccines and therapies are extremely limited. Both the New World (NW) and Old World (OW) groups of arenaviruses contain HF-causing pathogens. Although these two groups share many similarities, important differences with regard to pathogenicity and molecular mechanisms of virus infection exist. These closely related pathogens share many characteristics, including genome structure, viral assembly, natural host selection and the ability to interfere with innate immune signalling. However, members of the NW and OW viruses appear to use different receptors for cellular entry, as well as different mechanisms of virus internalization. General differences in disease signs and symptoms and pathological lesions in patients infected with either NW or OW arenaviruses are also noted and discussed herein. Whilst both the OW Lassa virus (LASV) and the NW Junin virus (JUNV) can cause disruption of the vascular endothelium, which is an important pathological feature of HF, the immune responses to these related pathogens seem to be quite distinct. Whereas LASV infection results in an overall generalized immune suppression, patients infected with JUNV seem to develop a cytokine storm. Additionally, the type of immune response required for recovery and clearance of the virus is different between NW and OW infections. These differences may be important to allow the viruses to evade host immune detection. Understanding these differences will aid the development of new vaccines and treatment strategies against deadly HF viral infections.

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Argentine hemorrhagic fever vaccines

Cited by 86 publications

References 40 publications

Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever

Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever

Vaccines for viral hemorrhagic fevers—progress and shortcomings

Comparative analysis of disease pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of New World and Old World arenavirus infections

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