Arginine and manganese supplementation on the immune competence of broilers immune stimulated with vaccine against Salmonella Enteritidis

Burin, Alvaro Mario; Fernandes, Nelson Luis Mello; Snak, Alessandra; Fireman, A.K.; Horn, D.; Fernandes, Jovanir Inês Müller

doi:10.3382/ps/pey570

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In another Salmonella Typhimurium broiler chicken challenge study, greater duodenal villus height, increased jejunal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreased Salmonella and E. coli , higher tight junction gene expression and reduced gut permeability, reduced numbers of Salmonella in both caecal content and spleen, greater splenic proinflammatory gene expression and mitochondrial MnSOD activity, and activation of acute-phase response, T helper type 1, and dendritic cell maturation pathways were associated with higher Mn supplementation (basal diet + 100 mg Mn/kg) in comparison to a Mn adequate (basal diet + 40 mg Mn/kg) and/or deficient (basal diet + 0 mg Mn/kg) diets [ 64 ]. Interestingly, there were also differences in specific broiler chicken peripheral blood T and innate cell proportions following Salmonella Enteritidis vaccination between birds fed diets providing 80 mg Mn/kg via MnSO 4 supplementation alone or a 50:50 mix of MnSO 4 and Mn amino acid complex [ 65 ], again indicating the importance of Mn source(s) for the biological response. Overall, whilst more work is needed is this area, Mn status and/or supplementation have the potential to influence the gut microbiome, barrier function, and immune responses.…”

Section: Zinc Copper and Manganese Influences On Intestinal Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Understanding the Influence of Zinc, Copper, and Manganese on the Gastrointestinal Environment of Pigs and Poultry

Broom

Monteiro²,

Piñon³

2021

Animals

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Zinc, copper, and manganese are prominent essential trace (or micro) minerals, being required in small, but adequate, amounts by pigs and poultry for normal biological functioning. Feed is a source of trace minerals for pigs and poultry but variable bioavailability in typical feed ingredients means that supplementation with low-cost oxides and sulphates has become common practice. Such trace mineral supplementation often provides significant ‘safety margins’, while copper and zinc have been supplemented at supra-nutritional (or pharmacological) levels to improve health and/or growth performance. Regulatory mechanisms ensure that much of this oversupply is excreted by the host into the environment, which can be toxic to plants and microorganisms or promote antimicrobial resistance in microbes, and thus supplying trace minerals more precisely to pigs and poultry is necessary. The gastrointestinal tract is thus central to the maintenance of trace mineral homeostasis and the provision of supra-nutritional or pharmacological levels is associated with modification of the gut environment, such as the microbiome. This review, therefore, considers recent advances in understanding the influence of zinc, copper, and manganese on the gastrointestinal environment of pigs and poultry, including more novel, alternative sources seeking to maintain supra-nutritional benefits with minimal environmental impact.

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Section: Zinc Copper and Manganese Influences On Intestinal Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Understanding the Influence of Zinc, Copper, and Manganese on the Gastrointestinal Environment of Pigs and Poultry

Broom

Monteiro²,

Piñon³

2021

Animals

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“…Although there is a lack of studies relating Mn supplementation and its different presentation forms on the immune response against coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis in poultry, one can assume that Mn is beneficial during enteric challenges due to its role in the production of mucopolysaccharides. Burin Junior et al (69) have shown that birds fed organic Mn had a more efficient response against a Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine when compared to birds fed its inorganic counterpart. The absence of effect on the growth performance related to Mn (69) may be attributable to the fact that the basal diet had enough Mn to support growth, and/or the immune stimulus was not strong enough to elucidate a deficiency of Mn.…”

Section: Manganesementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Dietary Zinc, Copper, and Manganese on the Intestinal Health of Broilers Under Eimeria Challenge

Bortoluzzi¹,

Vieira

Applegate

2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The incidence of enteric infections in broiler chickens may increase worldwide due to mounting pressure to limit the use of sub-therapeutic antibiotics and ionophores for coccidia suppression/prevention in the diets of broilers. For this reason, we need expand our knowledge on the role that micro-minerals have in modulating the intestinal physiology, immunology, and microbiology of broiler chickens. There are issues associated with the use of high doses of some micro-minerals in the diets of animals, such as environmental contamination, bacterial resistance, and gizzard erosion. Therefore, there is a need to maximize the absorption of these minerals by the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of birds when intestinal function may be compromised. Zinc is an essential micromineral required for growth, and influences intestinal development and/or regeneration during and after enteric disease. Two studies were conducted by our lab to determine the effects of Zn source in broilers under coccidia and Clostridium perfringens challenge. In the first study, Zn proteinate had beneficial effects on the performance of chickens challenged with coccidia plus C. perfringens by enhancing intestinal integrity and partially attenuating the inflammatory response. In the second study, Zn proteinate lowered the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulated the ileal microbiota. Additionally, the poultry industry has used prophylactic concentrations of dietary Cu for its ability to improve feed conversion for a long time.Copper absorption occurs mainly in the duodenum of chickens and, therefore, injuries to the intestinal epithelium of duodenum would impair Cu absorption and decrease its tissue concentration. Although there is a lack of studies relating Mn supplementation and its different sources on the immune response against coccidiosis in poultry, it is likely that Mn is beneficial during enteric challenges due to its role in the production of mucopolysaccharides. Therefore, the proper evaluation of the role of minerals on mitigating the negative impact of coccidiosis in broilers must consider their properties in modulating the physiology, immunology, and the intestinal microbiota of the host during health and disease situation events.

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“…In challenged broilers vaccinated against Salmonella enteritidis at nine days of age and kept in cages from 1 to 28 days of age, similar performance was observed with 1.48 and 1.58% dietary Arg (keeping an Arg:Lys ratio of 1.20); however, increased suppressors monocytes (Kul+MHCII−) were found in birds supplemented with 1.58% Arg [34]. In broilers fed diets: deficient, normal, and excessive in Arg (1.05, 1.42, and 1.90% according to NRC [7]), kept in cages and challenged with an Escherichia (E.) coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), showed higher ADWG and FCR at 1.42 and 1.90% Arg, respectively, after the challenge; depressed TLR4 and NF-kB in cecal tonsils relative Advances in the Nutrition of Functional Amino Acids in Healthy and Immunologically… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101895 mRNA expression at 1.42% Arg and PPAR-γ in spleen and IL-1b in cecal tonsils relative mRNA expression at 1.90 Arg were observed after the challenge [38].…”

Section: Argininementioning

confidence: 64%

“…In nonchallenged, 1-28 days of age broilers kept in cages and fed 1.48% (considered a normal level in corn/soybean meal diets) and 1.58 dietary Arg (keeping an Arg:Lys ratio of 1.20), no differences in growth performance were found, whereas the addition of 1.58% Arg increased the percentage of mucosa T helper (CD4+TCRvβ1+) and T cytotoxic (CD8+CD28+) [34]. In nonchallenged chicks housed in floor pens from 1 to 21 days of age and fed increasing levels of Arg [1.00, 1.125, 1.250, 1.375, and 1.50% of NRC [7] recommendations for Arg requirements], the performance was improved at 1.25% Arg, while the relative weight of thymus increased in a nearly linear manner, and the cell-mediated immune response to phytohemagglutinin P and antibody titer against NDV increased linearly up to 1.375% Arg [35].…”

Section: Argininementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Nutrition of Functional Amino Acids in Healthy and Immunologically Challenged Birds

Angeles¹,

Gómez-Rosales²

2022

Broiler Industry

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The effects of some functional amino acids (AAs) such as arginine, threonine, and methionine on the development of immune and digestive capacities in poultry were reviewed. The information was examined analytically to identify the source of the AA requirements, growth potential, type of housing, and type and degree of immune challenge applied. Regardless of these factors, the level of functional AA required to stimulate the immune or digestive response was higher than that required to maximize the productive performance. The implications section describes the main obstacles to integrating and applying the concept of functional AA in conventional diet formulation, and its use in birds raised under commercial conditions experiencing different types and degrees of immune stressors. It is necessary to develop a profile of functional AAs and establish their strategic use during or after immunological challenge situations to aid in the recovery of productive parameters to prechallenge levels.

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Arginine and manganese supplementation on the immune competence of broilers immune stimulated with vaccine against Salmonella Enteritidis

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Recent Advances in Understanding the Influence of Zinc, Copper, and Manganese on the Gastrointestinal Environment of Pigs and Poultry

Recent Advances in Understanding the Influence of Zinc, Copper, and Manganese on the Gastrointestinal Environment of Pigs and Poultry

Influence of Dietary Zinc, Copper, and Manganese on the Intestinal Health of Broilers Under Eimeria Challenge

Advances in the Nutrition of Functional Amino Acids in Healthy and Immunologically Challenged Birds

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