Arguments Supporting Neurologic Criteria to Determine Death

Bernat, James L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-15947-3_2

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…By a quarter-century later, the main author had tempered his views, stating ‘while I am willing to acknowledge that the whole-brain death formulation remains imperfect, I continue to support it because on the public policy level its shortcomings are relatively inconsequential’[79]. His evolution, and that of the concept itself, from maintaining human death is a strictly biological phenomenon to explicitly acknowledging the role of social construction, is now complete: ‘Usually, biological and societal requirements in medicine are compatible, but sometimes precise biological conditions may be modified to serve societal ends’ [80].…”

Section: Brain Death's Past and Uncertain Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Squaring the Circle. Brain death and organ transplantation

Doyle

2024

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation

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Purpose of review The adoption of brain death played a crucial role in the development of organ transplantation, but the concept has become increasingly controversial. This essay will explore the current state of the controversy and its implications for the field. Recent developments The brain death debate, long limited to the bioethics community, has in recent years burst into the public consciousness following several high-profile cases. This has culminated in the reevaluation of the Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA), which is in the process of being updated. Any change to the UDDA has the potential to significantly impact the availability of organs. Summary The current update to the UDDA introduces an element of uncertainty, one the brain death debate had not previously had.

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Section: Brain Death's Past and Uncertain Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Squaring the Circle. Brain death and organ transplantation

Doyle

2024

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation

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“…From a biological standpoint, the death of a person is defined as the irreversible cessation of vital functions, such as cardiorespiratory or brain functions [7]. This scientific perspective coexists with non-scientific approaches, such as the notion of "transitioning to another world".…”

Section: The Ethical Revolution In the Era Of Thanabots Beyond Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Resurrection: Challenging the Boundary between Life and Death with Artificial Intelligence

Rodríguez Reséndiz,

Rodríguez Reséndiz

2024

Philosophies

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The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) poses challenges in the field of bioethics, especially concerning issues related to life and death. AI has permeated areas such as health and research, generating ethical dilemmas and questions about privacy, decision-making, and access to technology. Life and death have been recurring human concerns, particularly in connection with depression. AI has created systems like Thanabots or Deadbots, which digitally recreate deceased individuals and allow interactions with them. These systems rely on information generated by AI users during their lifetime, raising ethical and emotional questions about the authenticity and purpose of these recreations. AI acts as a mediator between life, death, and the human being, enabling a new form of communication with the deceased. However, this raises ethical issues such as informed consent from users and the limits of digital recreation. Companies offer services like the Digital Resurrection of deceased individuals and the generation of hyper-realistic avatars. Still, concerns arise about the authenticity of these representations and their long-term emotional impact. Interaction with Thanabots may alter perceptions of death and finitude, leading to a potential “postmortal society” where death is no longer viewed as a definitive end. Nevertheless, this raises questions about the value of life and the authenticity of human experiences. AI becomes a bridge between the living and the dead, partially replacing rituals and mystical beliefs. As technology advances, there will be a need for greater transparency in interacting with AI systems and ethical reflections on the role of these technologies in shaping perceptions of life and death. Ultimately, the question arises of whether we should allow the dead to rest in peace and how to balance the pursuit of emotional relief with authenticity and respect for the memory of the deceased. A deeper ethical consideration is needed on how AI alters traditional notions of life, death, and communication in contemporary society. In this research, an interdisciplinary approach was utilized to conduct a comprehensive systematic review of the recent academic literature, followed by a detailed analysis of two key texts. Central ideas were extracted, and recurring themes were identified. Finally, a reflective analysis of the findings was conducted, yielding significant conclusions and recommendations for future research.

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“…82 Finally, the “brain-as-a-whole” formulation has gained traction since publication of the WBDP. 66 83 84 85 86 This modification of the “whole brain” formulation focuses on the essential elements of loss of brainstem and cerebral hemispheric function, but permits neuroendocrine secretion. The 2023 AAN/AAP/CNS/SCCM BD/DNC guideline embraces the “brain-as-a-whole” formulation.…”

Section: Review Of the Wbdp And Updates Since Publicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Brain Death/Death by Neurologic Criteria since the World Brain Death Project

Lewis

2024

Semin Neurol

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The World Brain Death Project (WBDP) is a 2020 international consensus statement that provides historical background and recommendations on brain death/death by neurologic criteria (BD/DNC) determination. It addresses 13 topics including: (1) worldwide variance in BD/DNC, (2) the science of BD/DNC, (3) the concept of BD/DNC, (4) minimum clinical criteria for BD/DNC determination, (5) beyond minimum clinical BD/DNC determination, (6) pediatric and neonatal BD/DNC determination, (7) BD/DNC determination in patients on ECMO, (8) BD/DNC determination after treatment with targeted temperature management, (9) BD/DNC documentation, (10) qualification for and education on BD/DNC determination, (11) somatic support after BD/DNC for organ donation and other special circumstances, (12) religion and BD/DNC: managing requests to forego a BD/DNC evaluation or continue somatic support after BD/DNC, and (13) BD/DNC and the law. This review summarizes the WBDP content on each of these topics and highlights relevant work published from 2020 to 2023, including both the 192 citing publications and other publications on BD/DNC. Finally, it reviews questions for future research related to BD/DNC and emphasizes the need for national efforts to ensure the minimum standards for BD/DNC determination described in the WBDP are included in national BD/DNC guidelines and due consideration is given to the recommendations about social and legal aspects of BD/DNC determination.

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Arguments Supporting Neurologic Criteria to Determine Death

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Squaring the Circle. Brain death and organ transplantation

Squaring the Circle. Brain death and organ transplantation

Digital Resurrection: Challenging the Boundary between Life and Death with Artificial Intelligence

An Update on Brain Death/Death by Neurologic Criteria since the World Brain Death Project

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