ARIES-ST breeding blanket design and analysis

Innovative First Wall Concept Providing Additional Armor at High Heat Flux Regions

“…The first wall in a fusion power plant is usually designed to accommodate a steady-state heat flux up to 1.0 MW/m 2 , meeting the design criteria, including: (1) material temperature limits for avoiding embrittlement and thermal creep strength, (2) primary stress intensity limit in the elastic regime (S m limit of the ASME code), and the sum of the primary and secondary stresses under 3 S m , 1 (3) coolant pumping power influencing the cost of electricity. In our ARIES-CS 2 and ARIES-ST 3 power plant studies, the temperatures and stresses are very close to the limits for the selected reduced-activation ferritic steel (RAFS) as structural material and He as coolant with operating pressure of 8 MPa and a surface heat flux of 0.76 MW/m 2 . However, there are indications that transient peak heat fluxes up to ~ 2 MW/m 2 for time periods up to a few seconds can occur at certain regions of the FW, accompanied by substantially higher erosion in such regions.…”

Overview of the tensile properties of EUROFER in the unirradiated and irradiated conditions

“…Although service conditions are not yet fully established in terms of temperatures, stresses or environment, simplified studies are available investigating different concepts [1]. Predictably, irradiation effects are of highest concern amongst environmental conditions in a fusion reactor.…”

The European effort towards the development of a demo structural material: Irradiation behaviour of the European reference RAFM steel EUROFER

“…Although service conditions are not yet fully established in terms of temperatures, stresses or environment, simplified studies are available investigating different concepts [5]. As far as temperatures are concerned, designers push for elevated temperatures in order to increase efficiency; considering stresses in the order of 50 MPa, the upper operating temperature for RAFM steels would be similar to that of conventional power plants when creep is a limiting factor, that is approximately 550-600 • C. Depending on the type of coolant, oxidation or liquid-metal corrosion and/or embrittlement could promote a reduction of the service temperature [6,7].…”