ARM Based Smart Water Meter with LoRa for Soilless Agriculture Application

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop an integrated and micro-controller based electronic circuit which might be used in soilless agriculture and smart greenhouse systems. In this study, a novel soilless agriculture system design is proposed to measure and monitor parameters such as the desired ambient temperature, nutrient solution temperature, solution alkalinity (pH) and conductivity in the greenhouse. In addition to the design, a control mechanism is designed to keep the amount of nutrient solution, which changes over time, stable in the desired ranges. This proposed system consists of two different embedded systems where the necessary parameters are measured, actuators are controlled, and the related input / output pairs are observed. The yield of the nutrient solution in the system is continuously controlled, and the necessary conditions are provided for the growth of the product in the greenhouse. The microcontroller system is responsible for data transmission in the greenhouse, observing the pipes, and to identify possible problems which might be encountered in the corresponding lines. In addition, the embedded system in the field performs the control tasks of the actuators which takes a role in maintaining the temperature inside the greenhouse taking into account the feedback data. LoRa communication is employed to construct a data flow network between embedded systems. For this purpose, a new communication protocol is proposed to be used in soilless agriculture applications. In order to enable the users to observe the whole system in multi-greenhouse systems, a control unit (computer) is positioned over a main greenhouse where the relevant inputs / outputs of the embedded system can be read. The sensor and actuator data are obtained during the studies, the necessary conditions for soilless agriculture are examined, and the results are presented.

A Novel LoRa-Based Platform for Remote Monitoring of Large-Scale Rice Fields

“…They demonstrate that as the spreading factor rises to 12, the greatest coverage can be conveyed to 1000 m. However, the extensive covering has the drawback of increasing delays. In [13], the authors created a microcontroller-based integrated electrical device that could be applied to soilless farming and smart greenhouse systems. To build a data flow network between embedded devices, LoRa connectivity is used.…”

Development of an SMS Notification System and Indoor Aquaponic Design

“…The motor water level sensor is also placed in the tank to drain water from the holding tank to the first tank which is the growbed. The sump tank consists of an ultrasonic sensor to determine the height of the water surface (Baydur, 2021) battery bank battery (to store electrical power), inverter (to convert direct current (DC) to alternative current (AC)), charge controller (to regulate battery charging and protect it from damage), installation using lithium batteries (Hati, 2021) Peristaltic pumps and these systems, water and fish waste are pumped from fish tanks to plant growing containers. Fish waste is rich in ammonia.…”

The Role and Application Areas of LoRa Communication in Smart Agriculture, A Proposed Architecture, and Its Performance Analysis

“…Başlıca çalışmalar dışında sulama sistemlerinin karşılaştırılması, enerji tüketimi ve iletişim mesafesi gibi konuların ölçülmesi ve mobil ve web uygulamaları ve servislerin yazılması gibi LoRA temelli birçok çalışma araştırmacılar tarafından sunulmuştur [26][27][28][29]. Su yönetimi için Baydur ve arkadaşları çalışmasında [30] ARM tabanlı akıllı su sayıcı için elektronik kart düzenlenmiştir. Sera ortam bilgilerinin alınması, zamanla değişen besin çözeltisinin kontrolünü sağlayan topraksız tarım sistemi tasarlanmıştır.…”