‘Arm brains’ (axial nerves) of Jurassic coleoids and the evolution of coleoid neuroanatomy

Klug, Christian; Hoffmann, René; Tischlinger, Helmut; Fuchs, Dirk; Pohle, Alexander; Rowe, Alison; Rouget, Isabelle; Kruta, Isabelle

doi:10.1186/s13358-023-00285-3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 110 publications

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“…Therefore, the type material was examined and measured (see also supplementary Table S2). The adopted systematics and terminologies follow Fuchs and Hoffmann (2017), Fuchs and Donovan (2018), and Klug et al (2023).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology, taxonomy and trophic interactions of rostrum-less coleoids from the Late Triassic Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte (Lower Austria)

Lukeneder,

Fuchs,

Lukeneder

2024

Swiss J Palaeontol

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Coleoid cephalopods are widespread from the Mesozoic till today. The extinct group of the Phragmoteuthida is thought to represent either stem-neocoleoids, stem-decabrachians, or stem-octobrachians. The well-known, almost complete specimens of Phragmoteuthis bisinuata from the Carnian Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte near Lunz am See (Lower Austria, Northern Calcareous Alps) and Cave del Predil (Northern Italy, Julian Alps) come from historical collections. These specimens do not reflect the entire coleoid assemblage within this environment. In order to obtain a more complete picture of the Carnian coleoid fauna, 430 coleoid specimens from the Polzberg locality and 60 specimens from contemporaneous localities around Cave del Predil were studied in detail. All available elements (phragmocones, proostraca, cartilages, hooks, beaks, ink sacs) attributed to the coleoid fauna were recorded, measured and evaluated taxonomically and taphonomically. Reviews of historical collection material permitted comparisons with recently collected material. The notation of co-occurrences of other faunal elements yielded insights into the palaeoecological context of this Upper Triassic environment within the Polzberg Basin. The new material from Polzberg does not support the previous assumption of a monospecific composition of the Polzberg coleoid fauna. Instead, we report the occurrence of the new phragmoteuthid Phragmoteuthis polzbergensis nov. sp. and a newly excavated specimen of Phragmoteuthis indicates the presence of ten arms within the group of the Phragmoteuthida for the first time. Phragmocones with small opening angles combined with cylindrical (roundly closed) body chambers, and arm hook types which are unusual for phragmoteuthids indicate the presence of the basal coleoid group comprising the rostrum-less genus Mojsisovicsteuthis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology, taxonomy and trophic interactions of rostrum-less coleoids from the Late Triassic Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte (Lower Austria)

Lukeneder,

Fuchs,

Lukeneder

2024

Swiss J Palaeontol

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A new record of coleoid arm hooks from the lowermost Jurassic of Lilstock, Somerset

Penn,

Hart,

Price

2024

Proceedings of the Geologists' Association

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Anatomy and size of Megateuthis, the largest belemnite

Klug,

Schweigert,

Hoffmann

et al. 2024

Swiss J Palaeontol

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Belemnite rostra are very abundant in Mesozoic marine deposits in many regions. Despite this abundance, soft-tissue specimens of belemnites informing about anatomy and proportions of these coleoid cephalopods are extremely rare and limited to a few moderately large genera like Passaloteuthis and Hibolithes. For all other genera, we can make inferences on their body proportions and body as well as mantle length by extrapolating from complete material. We collected data of the proportions of the hard parts of some Jurassic belemnites in order to learn about shared characteristics in their gross anatomy. This knowledge is then applied to the Bajocian genus Megateuthis, which is the largest known belemnite genus worldwide. Our results provide simple ratios that can be used to estimate belemnite body size, where only the rostrum is known.

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‘Arm brains’ (axial nerves) of Jurassic coleoids and the evolution of coleoid neuroanatomy

Cited by 3 publications

References 110 publications

Morphology, taxonomy and trophic interactions of rostrum-less coleoids from the Late Triassic Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte (Lower Austria)

Morphology, taxonomy and trophic interactions of rostrum-less coleoids from the Late Triassic Polzberg Konservat-Lagerstätte (Lower Austria)

A new record of coleoid arm hooks from the lowermost Jurassic of Lilstock, Somerset

Anatomy and size of Megateuthis, the largest belemnite

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