Aromatic Amines

Fishbein, Lawrence

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-38819-7_1

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 131 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly high m ineralization rates by Phanerochaete chrysosporium have recently been obtained with artificial chloroaniline/lignin conju gates as well as the free chloroanilines [17]. These results suggest that the white-rot fungus can catalyze the final removal of plant chloroaniline residues even though such contam inants are rather persistent [1][2][3][4][5][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. W hen considered in term s of the global car bon cycle [18,19], plant lignin m etabolites of xenobiotics are therefore not necessarily 'term inal' residues.…”

Section: Fungal Degradationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…C hlorinated anilines and their derivatives are fre quent contam inants of agricultural plants and soils, being introduced mainly as com ponents of acylanilide, N-phenylcarbamate and N -phenylurea h er bicides [1][2][3][4][5]. The yearly production figure for one of the com ponent chloroanilines, 4-chloroaniline, is > 500 tons for West Germany alone [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Plant Biochemistry of Xenobiotics. Mineralization of Chloroaniline/Lignin Metabolites from Wheat by the White-Rot Fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Arjmand

Sandermann

1986

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

D edicated to Professor Hans G risebach on the occasion o f his 60th birthdayTriticum aestivum L., Phanerochaete chrysosporium , 4-Chloroaniline, 3,4-Dichloroaniline, Lignin MetabolitesThe lignin metabolites formed in wheat plants from [ring-u-14C]-4-chloroaniline and -3,4-dichloroaniline were isolated by a Björkman-type procedure and characterized by gel permeation chromatography and chemical degradation. The isolated metabolite fractions were then incubated with the white-rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium .Mineralization to [14C]carbon dioxide occurred in high yields, about 65% of the initial radio activity of the lignin-bound chloroanilines being trapped as C 0 2 after an incubation period of 32-33 days. The lignin metabolites with the 14C-label in the aromatic ring of the chloroanilines were mineralized as readily as a non-xenobiotic control lignin with a 14C-label in the aromatic ring of coniferyl alcohol.It is concluded that the white-rot fungus studied has an unusually high capacity for the removal of chloroanilines and possibly other xenobiotic contaminants from the environment.

show abstract

Section: Fungal Degradationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Biochemistry of Xenobiotics. Mineralization of Chloroaniline/Lignin Metabolites from Wheat by the White-Rot Fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Arjmand

Sandermann

1986

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Within the group of disubstituted anilines, 3,4‐dichloroaniline is the most toxic compound, with an EC50 value substantially lower than those of the other isomers. This finding is of particular environmental concern since 3,4‐dich‐loroaniline is one of the major degradation products of aniline‐based herbicides [13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding could be expected since the considered fish bioassay involves a complex organism and the toxicity endpoint is represented by mortality after 14 d of exposure to toxicants; thus, more complex interactions can be involved in the toxic action of chloroanilines. In addition, metabolic processes can lead to the formation of products, as, e.g., the N ‐hydroxy metabolites, which can exert an additional or different toxic action [13,15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of chloroaniline toxicity by the submitochondrial particle assay

Argese

Bettiol

Agnoli

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects on mitochondrial respiration of 15 chloroanilines were recorded by using the in vitro response of submitochondrial particles (SMP) from beef heart mitochondria. The bioassay procedure for SMP is based on the process of reverse electron transfer, which can be negatively affected by inhibitors of electron transport, by uncouplers, and by chemicals that impair membrane integrity. The EC50 values, determined for the tested chloroanilines, indicate a general tendency of increasing toxicity with increasing chlorine substitution. In order to validate the results obtained and to evaluate the capability of the SMP assay to reproduce the toxic effects of the examined compounds on different freshwater species, the EC50 values were compared with literature data from other biological assays regarding both in vitro systems and whole organisms. A good correlation was found in particular with two widely used testing systems, the Microtox and the Tetrahymena assays. In addition, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) were established between the EC50 values and various molecular descriptors for hydrophobic, steric, and electronic interactions. The results obtained were utilized to elucidate the mechanism of toxic action of chloroanilines, which are commonly reported to act by the polar narcosis mode of action. Moreover, they confirmed that the SMP assay can be a useful tool for studying the toxicity of chemicals that act nonspecifically by impairing membrane structure and functions.

show abstract

Toxic effects of some benzamines on the growth of Azotobacter vinelandii and other bacteria

Chung

Chen

Zhu

et al. 1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Benzamines are the major aromatic amines used in industry and can also be released from azo dyes, which are widely used in the textile, paper‐making, and food industries. The toxicity of 10 benzamines was tested by the well diffusion assay technique against 18 common bacterial species including the nitrogen‐fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii. p‐Phenylenediamine was found to be inhibitory to the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens. o‐Phenylenediamine was inhibitory to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pnemoniae, Salmonella enteritidis, and Shigella sonnei. 2,5‐Diaminotoluene was inhibitory to the growth of P. fluorescens and Streptococcus mitis. The growth of A. vinelandii was inhibited by p‐phenylenediamine and 2,5‐diaminotoluene in the well diffusion assay. p‐Nitroaniline was also found to be inhibitory to the growth of A. vinelandii in Burk's nitrogen‐free medium. The nitrogenase activity of A. vinelandii was inhibited by p‐phenylenediamine, 2,5‐diaminotoluene, p‐nitroaniline, 2‐nitro‐p‐phenylenediamine, 3‐nitro‐o‐phenylenediamine, and 4‐nitro‐o‐phenylenediamine. Because many of these organisms are common soil and aquatic bacteria, the accumulation of these benzamine compounds in the environment may have an adverse impact on soil biochemical activities.

show abstract

Aromatic Amines

Cited by 16 publications

References 131 publications

Plant Biochemistry of Xenobiotics. Mineralization of Chloroaniline/Lignin Metabolites from Wheat by the White-Rot Fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Plant Biochemistry of Xenobiotics. Mineralization of Chloroaniline/Lignin Metabolites from Wheat by the White-Rot Fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Assessment of chloroaniline toxicity by the submitochondrial particle assay

Toxic effects of some benzamines on the growth of Azotobacter vinelandii and other bacteria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About