Aromatic amines contents of cigarette butts: Fresh and aged cigarette butts vs unsmoked cigarette

Dobaradaran, Sina; Mutke, Xenia A.M.; Schmidt, Torsten; Swiderski, Philipp; De-la-Torre, Gabriel Enrique; Jochmann, Maik A.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134735

Cited by 44 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Therefore, one reason for the difference in recycling leachate quality is the difference in pollutant concentration in it due to the different smoking behavior. Therefore, littering cigarette butts in the environment is not only a threat to the ecosystem due to the leakage of many compounds such as aromatic amines 41 , 42 , metals 8 , 10 , nicotine 12 , and PAH, but also led to the variation in the quality of by-products, which is a serious challenge in the next stages of cigarette butt management.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality variations of leachate resulting from cigarette filter recycling as a challenge for its management

Hossaini Motlagh,

Alinejad,

Kazembeigi

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Recycling is known as a solution for cigarette filter management, but this may cause the release of trapped pollutants in it. Cigarette smoke toxins and chemicals that trapped in the cigarette filter can accumulate in the recycling leachate. In this study, littered cigarette filters and freshly smoked cigarette filters were recycled and the resulting leachate was analyzed. The results showed that the minimum and maximum Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the studied leachates were 2100 mg/L and 11,300 mg/L, respectively. The maximum temporal variation in the studied leachate quality was 74.28%, but the maximum spatial variation was 314.2%. COD in the freshly smoked sample was 2600–9200 mg/L more than the littered samples. The average concentration of chromium, lead, nickel, and cadmium in littered samples was 0.023, 0.024, 0.045, and 0.019 mg/L, respectively. Environmental conditions such as humidity, the efficiency of the urban cleaning system in reducing the resistance of littered filters, the difference in the quality of the filter and tobacco, and the difference in smoking behaviors were effective in this variation. Reducing the toxicity of cigarette smoke and improving the efficiency of the urban cleaning system can lead to the same quality, but leachate treatment is necessary to reduce the environmental risk.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality variations of leachate resulting from cigarette filter recycling as a challenge for its management

Hossaini Motlagh,

Alinejad,

Kazembeigi

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…It is now well established that CBs represent a significant source of pollutants in the environment. Upon contact with water, various organic and inorganic compounds are released from these CBs [12,[17][18][19][52][53][54][55][56], rendering them bioavailable to aquatic life. The highest variability in terms of toxicant concentrations analysed in sediment occurred be-…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Hediste diversicolor Speed Up the Breakdown of Cigarette Butts in Marine Sediments?

Conradi,

Sánchez-Moyano,

Rodríguez-Martín

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Cigarette butts (CBs) are non-biodegradable harmful residues of synthetic origin and are widespread in marine environments around the world. Although environmental factors are often primarily responsible for the fragmentation of microplastics in the marine environment, biotic factors have recently been shown to be equally important in plastic debris. This study evaluates the role of the Hediste diversicolor polychaete in the fragmentation of CBs in the marine environment. Polychaetes were exposed to three concentrations of CB (0 (as the control), 0.25, and 1 butt L−1) at two different temperatures (15 °C and 23 °C) for 28 days. At each temperature, aquaria without polychaetes were used to study the effect of the burrowing activity of the polychaete on CB fragmentation. Toxicants analysed from exposed sediments increased their concentration in a dose-dependent manner to the CB concentration at a temperature of 15 °C but not at 23 °C. CBs did not directly decrease Hediste survival, but prolonged elevated temperatures increased the polychaetes’ susceptibility. The negative effects of CBs on burial success and burrowing behaviour could not be offset by the reduced start time caused by elevated temperatures. Regardless of temperature, both the weight loss and physical fragmentation of CBs buried in polychaete-contaminated sediments were significantly higher than those without Hediste, with no differences between the two concentrations tested. FTIR-ATR analysis used to evaluate CB degradation in relation to cellulose acetate decomposition showed a greater degradation of this compound in treatments with Hediste than in those without polychaetes (~2.75 times), but these differences were not significant. This study is a promising initial step for future research, as any factor that facilitates the fragmentation of this prevalent and hazardous waste must be carefully studied to extract the maximum benefit to help to reduce CBs in the marine environment.

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“…Cigarettes pose a risk even when they are not smoked, since the components decompose significantly more quickly when they come into contact with water [12]. While some compounds can disintegrate more quickly and be absorbed by the environment, others may persist for a longer time.…”

Section: Environmental Impact Of Improper Cigarette Butt Disposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smokers’ Attitude and Behavior towards Cigarette Littering in Romania: A Survey-Based Approach

et al. 2023

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Cigarette butts continue to be a significantly detrimental challenge for both human health and the quality of the environment and life in general. The escalating accumulation of inadequately discarded cigarette butts continues unabated, in spite of the myriad legislative procedures that have been instituted by authorities with the objective of incentivizing diminution of this phenomenon. For decades, the scientific literature has discussed the importance of smokers’ behavior and beliefs in contributing to the problem. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze cigarette butt littering behavior using a survey-based questionnaire. A total of 1643 complete responses were collected from Romanian smokers addressing their knowledge, practices, and views regarding the disposal of cigarette butts. According to the findings, awareness about the impacts and characteristics of cigarette butts is problematic, as are smokers’ self-reported explanations for their conduct. Specifically, more than 30% of the sample stated that cigarette butts are biodegradable, and 31.5% believe that cigarette butts are not toxic to the environment. The results also showed that only 19.7% of the smokers strongly believed that they should be considered accountable for their behavior. Future study directions are provided to advance studies in this area and improve present approaches to lessen the frequency of this behavior.

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Aromatic amines contents of cigarette butts: Fresh and aged cigarette butts vs unsmoked cigarette

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

Quality variations of leachate resulting from cigarette filter recycling as a challenge for its management

Quality variations of leachate resulting from cigarette filter recycling as a challenge for its management

Can Hediste diversicolor Speed Up the Breakdown of Cigarette Butts in Marine Sediments?

Smokers’ Attitude and Behavior towards Cigarette Littering in Romania: A Survey-Based Approach

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