Aromatic Constituents from the Leaves of Actinidia arguta with Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

Abstract

As the leaf of Actinidia arguta has shown antioxidant activity, a study was conducted to identify the active ingredients. Forty-eight compounds were isolated from the leaves of A. arguta through various chromatographic techniques. Further characterization of the structures on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR and MS data identified several aromatic compounds, including phenylpropanoid derivatives, phenolics, coumarins, flavonoids and lignans. Among them, five compounds were newly reported, naturally occurring, and named argutosides A–D (1–4), which consist of phenylpropanoid glycosides that are conjugated with a phenolic moiety, and argutoside E (5), which is a coumarin glycoside that is conjugated with a phenylpropanoid unit. The isolated compounds showed good antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with differences in activity depending on the structures. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated the interaction between the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups of compounds 1 and 5 with α-glucosidase. Taken together, the leaves of A. arguta are rich in aromatic compounds with diverse structures. Therefore, the leaves of A. arguta and their aromatic components might be beneficial for oxidative stress and glucose-related diseases.

Naturally Occurring Functional Ingredient from Filamentous Thermophilic Cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. KC45: Phytochemical Characterizations and Their Multiple Bioactivities

“…Hence, we propose that combining the use of ethanolic extract with a low dosage of synthetic drugs could be one of the alternative possibilities for treating hyperglycemia with minimal side effects. In the literature, Proenca et al [ 128 ], Ahn et al [ 129 ], and Etsassala et al [ 130 ] found that phenolic and flavonoid phytochemicals can limit α-glucosidase activity by inserting themselves into the active site of the enzyme and interacting with it in various ways, including by traditional hydrogen bonding and carbon–hydrogen bonding. It can be inferred that the ethanolic extract, which exhibits α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, obtained in this study might block the substrate-binding active site of the enzyme, thereby preventing the oligosaccharides from accessing the active site.…”

Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitory Activity of Medicinal Plants: Boost the Production of Cordycepin in Cordyceps militaris

“…The free radical scavenging activity measurement utilizing DPPH was used to determine the antioxidant activity, as reported in the prior study [ 36 ]. The absorbance was determined using 550 nm as the wavelength.…”

Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Native Actinidia arguta Cultivars

“…The antioxidant activities in different plant tissues can be significantly influenced by the type and structure of the active compounds present. The presence of specific compounds [43] in root tissues of the kiwiberry, such as terpenoids (e.g., 2α,3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28,30-olide, 12α-chloro-2α,3 β,23-tetrahydroxyolean-28-oic acid-13-lactone, and oleanolic acid) [44][45][46], flavonoids (e.g., (−)-epi-catechin, (+)-catechin, and Procyanidin B4) [47], phenolics (planchol A, B and isotachioside) [44], and other unique organic and volatile compounds, can explain the higher antioxidant activity in the roots compared to the leaves [48]. For example, oleanolic acid is a natural terpenoid known to function as a powerful antioxidant to scavenge free radicals and protect against oxidative stress [49,50].…”