Aronia melanocarpa polysaccharide ameliorates inflammation and aging in mice by modulating the AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway and gut microbiota

Abstract

Aronia melanocarpa is a natural medicinal plant that has a variety of biological activities, its fruit is often used for food and medicine. Aronia melanocarpa polysaccharide (AMP) is the main component of the Aronia melanocarpa fruit. This research evaluated the delay and protection of AMP obtained from Aronia melanocarpa fruit on aging mice by d-Galactose (D-Gal) induction and explored the effect of supplementing AMP on the metabolism of the intestinal flora of aging mice. The aging model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-Gal (200 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg) once per 3 days for 12 weeks. AMP (100 and 200 mg/kg) was given daily by oral gavage after 6 weeks of D-Gal-induced. The results showed that AMP treatment significantly improved the spatial learning and memory impairment of aging mice determined by the eight-arm maze test. H&E staining showed that AMP significantly reversed brain tissue pathological damage and structural disorders. AMP alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress injury in aging brain tissue by regulating the AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. Particularly, AMP reduced brain cell apoptosis and neurological deficits by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and its downstream apoptotic protein family. Importantly, 16S rDNA analysis indicated the AMP treatment significantly retarded the aging process by improving the composition of intestinal flora and abundance of beneficial bacteria. In summary, this study found that AMP delayed brain aging in mice by inhibiting inflammation and regulating intestinal microbes, which providing the possibility for the amelioration and treatment of aging and related metabolic diseases.

Patchouli Alcohol Inhibits D-Gal Induced Oxidative Stress and Ameliorates the Quality of Aging Cartilage via Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Mice

“…Under normal physiological conditions, the combination of Keap1 to Nrf2 protein inhibits Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, while Nrf2 dissociates and translocates into the nucleus to promote the expression of downstream genes after the cells were exposed to oxidative stress. Many previous studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 could directly or indirectly exert antioxidant stress and antiaging function [ 50 – 52 ]. Hence, it is reasonable to speculate that PA might play a role in antioxidant stress and antisenescent cartilage damage in D-gal-induced aging model by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.…”

Targeting Gut Microbiota With Natural Polysaccharides: Effective Interventions Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Diseases

“…Thus, loss of SIRT3 interacts with the gut microbiota in the NAFLD progression. More importantly, natural polysaccharides regulate the activities of SIRTs, such as SIRT1 and SIRT3, in human diseases ( Dimitrova-Shumkovska et al, 2020 ; Zhao et al, 2021b ). However, the direct evidence that natural polysaccharides protect HFD-induced NAFLD through regulation of SIRTs-mediated gut microbiota is lacking.…”

Nutritional components as mitigators of cellular senescence in organismal aging: a comprehensive review

“…Another recent report demonstrated that Astragalus polysaccharides can reduce glucose-induced premature senescence and inflammasome activation in rat aortic endothelial cells (Miao et al, 2022 ). Using a d-galactose induced aging mice model, the application of Aronia melanocarpa heteropolysaccharides successfully ameliorated inflammation and aging in mice by modulating the AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway and gut microbiota (Zhao et al, 2021 ). Studies on polysaccharides isolated from the herb Angelica sinensis have revealed anti-cellular senescence and antioxidant attributes in haematopoietic cells and endothelial progenitor cells while in vivo suppression of cellular senescence and improvement in brain senescence in a murine model of d-galactose induced aging was also observed (Cheng et al, 2019 ; Lai and Liu, 2015 ; Mu et al, 2017 ; Xiao et al, 2017 ).…”