Arousal and Executive Alterations in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Martella, Diana; Aldunate, Nerea; Fuentes, Luis J.; Sánchez-Pérez, Noelia

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01991

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…These results support Berger and Posner's (2000) original predictions regarding attentional networks in ADHD. In the same vein, impaired alerting and executive processes fall in line with energetic (Sergeant, 2000(Sergeant, , 2005 and executive (Barkley, 1997) accounts of ADHD (Martella et al, 2020), respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Attentional networks, vigilance, and distraction as a function of ADHD symptoms

Coll-Martín¹,

Carretero‐Dios²,

Lupiáñez³

2020

Preprint

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Attentional difficulties are a core axis in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, establishing a consistent and detailed pattern of these neurocognitive alterations has not been an easy endeavor. The present study aimed at thoroughly characterizing three key attentional domains, namely, the three attentional networks (alerting, orienting, and executive attention), two components of vigilance (executive and arousal vigilance), and distraction. To do so, we modified a single, fine-grained task (the ANTI-Vea) by adding irrelevant distractors. One hundred and twenty undergraduates completed three questionnaires of ADHD symptoms in childhood and adulthood and performed the ANTI-Vea. Despite the low reliability of some ANTI-Vea indexes, the task worked successfully. While ADHD symptoms in childhood were related to alerting network and arousal vigilance, ADHD in adulthood were linked to executive vigilance. No association between ADHD symptoms and executive attention and distraction was found. In general, our hypotheses about the relationships between ADHD symptoms and attentional processes, were supported only partially at most. We discuss our findings according to ADHD theories and attention measurement.

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mentioning

confidence: 76%

Attentional networks, vigilance, and distraction as a function of ADHD symptoms

Coll-Martín¹,

Carretero‐Dios²,

Lupiáñez³

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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mentioning

confidence: 76%

Attentional networks, vigilance, and distraction as a function of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in an adult community sample

Coll-Martín

Carretero‐Dios

Lupiáñez

2021

British J of Psychology

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Attentional difficulties are a core axis in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, establishing a consistent and detailed pattern of these neurocognitive alterations has not been an easy endeavour. Based on a dimensional approach to ADHD, the present study aims at comprehensively characterizing three key attentional domains: the three attentional networks (alerting, orienting, and executive attention), two components of vigilance (executive and arousal vigilance), and distraction. To do so, we modified a single, fine-grained task (the ANTI-Vea) by adding irrelevant distractors. One hundred and twenty undergraduates completed three self-reports of ADHD symptoms in childhood and adulthood and performed the ANTI-Vea. Despite the low reliability of some ANTI-Vea indexes, the task worked successfully. While ADHD symptoms in childhood were related to alerting network and arousal vigilance, symptoms in adulthood were linked to executive vigilance. No association between ADHD symptom severity and executive attention and distraction was found. In general, our hypotheses about the relationships between ADHD symptoms and attentional processes were partially supported. We discuss our findings according to ADHD theories and attention measurement.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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“…Finally, two common behavioral phenomena that arise from the inability or failure to sufficiently address the arousal-based stability-flexibility tradeoff. The first we will term "hyperfocus" (borrowed from ADHD literature such as, [3], [15], [35]), in which an agent inadvertently ignores important stimuli (the bell ringing to signal the end of class) in favor of a target stimulus (their studies) due to an excessive depth asymmetry. The converse, that we term "hypofocus", occurs when depth asymmetry is insufficient and an agent is incapable of making decisions or completing tasks due to the resultantly high conflict between competing stimuli or tasks.…”

Section: Effects Of Depth On Eigenstatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantum Cognitive Perspective on Control and Arousal

Rosendahl

Cohen²

2022

Preprint

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In this article, we consider a quantum approach to modeling the influence of control and arousal on decision making. This builds on the multi-particle multi-well (MPMW) framework, introduced in [47]and [48], that uses quantum potential landscapes to provide a mathematically tractable framework for analyzing multi-alternative decision making, and in which stochasticity emerges, alongside leak and com-petition, as an inherent property of the system rather than requiring treatment as a free parameter. Here, we show how the MPMW frame-work can be extended to model phenomena associated with cognitive control, such as the effect of control on processing conflict, and the stability-flexibility tradeoff. Furthermore, we show that the MPMW framework, by its treatment of arousal, can be extended naturally to provide a mathematically coherent account of a broader class of psychological phenomena, such as the non-monotonic relationship be-tween arousal and performance. In addition to seamlessly accommodating both control and arousal, the the MPMW predicts some unusual effects, such as discontinuous changes in performance with changes in attention and arousal, that emerge as a result of its quantum foundations.

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Arousal and Executive Alterations in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Cited by 34 publications

References 96 publications

Attentional networks, vigilance, and distraction as a function of ADHD symptoms

Attentional networks, vigilance, and distraction as a function of ADHD symptoms

Attentional networks, vigilance, and distraction as a function of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in an adult community sample

A Quantum Cognitive Perspective on Control and Arousal

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