Array‐Based Earthquake Location for Regional Earthquake Early Warning: Case Studies from the Dead Sea Transform

Eisermann, Andreas S.; Ziv, A.; Wust-Bloch, Hillel

doi:10.1785/0120170315

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Using nine-node MAMAs, currently deployed at the University of California Berkeley and at the Humboldt State University campuses, we demonstrate BAZ calculations of seven events ranging from Mw 2.7 to Mw 5.1 and distances ranging from as near as 5 km to over 100 km. Future work will include improving MAMA nodes and deploying more MAMAs at various locations as well as implementing BAZ calculations in real time (e.g., Eisermann et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MEMS Accelerometer Mini-Array (MAMA): A Low-Cost Implementation for Earthquake Early Warning Enhancement

et al. 2019

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Earthquake Early Warning Systems (EEWS) are often challenged when the earthquakes occur outside the seismic network or where the station density is sparse. In these situations, poor locations and large alert delays are more common because of the limited azimuthal coverage and the time required for the wavefield to reach the minimum number of seismic stations to issue an alert. Seismic arrays can be used to derive the directivity of the wavefield and obtain better location. However, they are uncommon because of the prohibitive cost of the sensors. Here, we propose the development of an array-based approach using mini-arrays of low-cost Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) accelerometers and show how they can be used to improve EEWS. In this paper, we demonstrate this approach using data from two MEMS Accelerometer Mini-Arrays (MAMA) deployed at University of California Berkeley and Humboldt State University. We use a new low-cost ( <U.S. $150) Data Acquisition Unit and solve for the back azimuth of seven events with magnitudes ranging from Mw 2.7 to 5.1 at distances of 5 km to 106 km.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MEMS Accelerometer Mini-Array (MAMA): A Low-Cost Implementation for Earthquake Early Warning Enhancement

et al. 2019

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“…Thus, the observed sums can be used to assess the detection quality. The tripartite array self-consistency criteria are defined as (Eisermann et al, 2018):…”

Section: Gaza Traffic Source Location From Tripartite Array Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic seismic evidence for precursory mobilization in Gaza leading to the October 7 terrorist attack

Inbal

2024

Preprint

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Seismic waves excited by human activity frequently mask signals due to tectonic processes, and are therefore discarded as nuisance. Seismic noise-field analysis is, however, a powerful tool for characterizing anthropogenic activities. Here, I apply this analysis to examine seismic precursors to the October 7 Hamas attack on Israel. The precursory activity in Gaza included massive mobilization which took place in the hours leading to the attack, and was documented on multiple media outlets. Favorable conditions, which arise due to a temporary lack of anthropogenic activity in Israel, allow remote seismic stations to record signals due to Gaza vehicle traffic. I use these seismograms to identify anomalous ground-motions, associate them with preattack mobilization, and precisely determine their location. By applying array analysis to three seismic stations located tensof-kilometers from the Gaza Strip, I was able to obtain valuable information on the Hamas attack plans. This suggests that embedding seismic noise-field analysis into decision-making protocols could enhance preparedness, thus providing an opportunity to blunt terrorist attacks and reduce the number of casualties.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, these four real-time objectives are yet to be addressed using DAS. Real-time earthquake detection and location may be achieved using either well-established point-sensor-based approaches [26][27][28][29] applied to single or multiple DAS channels, or array processing techniques such as beamforming 12,30,31 . While detection can be achieved with relative ease even with point-sensor -based algorithms 27,29 , earthquake location poses several challenges that are unique to DAS data 12,22 .…”

Section: Magnitude Estimation and Ground Motion Prediction To Harness...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude Estimation and Ground Motion Prediction to Harness Fiber Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Earthquake Early Warning

Lior¹,

Rivet

Ampuero

et al. 2023

Preprint

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<p>Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems provide seconds to tens of seconds of warning time before potentially-damaging ground motions are felt. For optimal warning times, seismic sensors should be installed as close as possible to expected earthquake sources. However, while the most hazardous earthquakes on Earth occur underwater, most seismological stations are located on-land; precious seconds may go by before these earthquakes are detected. In this work, we harness available optical fiber infrastructure for EEW using the novel approach of Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS). DAS strain measurements of earthquakes from different regions are converted to ground motions using a real-time slant-stack approach, magnitudes are estimated using a theoretical earthquake source model, and ground shaking intensities are predicted via ground motion prediction equations. The results demonstrate the potential of DAS-based EEW and the significant time-gains that can be achieved compared to the use of standard sensors, in particular for offshore earthquakes.</p>

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Array‐Based Earthquake Location for Regional Earthquake Early Warning: Case Studies from the Dead Sea Transform

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

MEMS Accelerometer Mini-Array (MAMA): A Low-Cost Implementation for Earthquake Early Warning Enhancement

MEMS Accelerometer Mini-Array (MAMA): A Low-Cost Implementation for Earthquake Early Warning Enhancement

Forensic seismic evidence for precursory mobilization in Gaza leading to the October 7 terrorist attack

Magnitude Estimation and Ground Motion Prediction to Harness Fiber Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Earthquake Early Warning

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