Arresting a Struggling Subject; Does the Forthcoming Police Officers Physical Fitness have an Impact on the Outcome?

Dillern, Thomas; Jenssen, Ole Ragnar Norheim; Lagestad, Pål Arild; Nygård, Ørjan; Ingebrigtsen, Jørgen

doi:10.2174/1875399x01407010002

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Additional influences on the increased self-efficacy among some recruits included participation in additional martial arts training, and to a larger degree, both Academy fitness training and additional fitness training outside the Academy. This highlights the significance of fitness to an officer's perceptions of their self-defense abilities, although many studies have indicated that actual fitness training is often not maintained after the Academy [Anderson, Plecas & Segger 2001;Anderson, Cychosz & Franke 2003;Bissett, Bissett & Snell 2012;Dillern, Jenssen, Lagestad, Nygård & Ingebrigtsen 2014;Orr et al 2018]. Nevertheless, the results of this study indicate that Academy training provides a solid foundation for officers to start their careers with a healthy level of confidence in their abilities to handle violent, non-lethal encounters when necessary.…”

Section: Martialmentioning

confidence: 72%

An Exploratory Study on the Impact of Physical Training on Police Recruits’ Self-Efficacy in Handling Violent Encounters

Butler¹,

Gothe²,

Petruzzello³

2023

MAS

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Police officers are often required to use physical force to effectively protect themselves as well as the public. In order to prepare officers for these physical demands, recruits receive training in fitness and defensive tactics during their Police Academy instruction. The present study aimed to develop a reliable scale for measuring an officer’s self-efficacy and used the scale to evaluate the impact of the Academy training on recruits’ self-efficacy. Most of the participants credited the academy control tactics (98.5%) and fitness training (88.1%) with improving their self-efficacy. These results support the importance of physical training curricula at improving recruit officers’ self-efficacy toward handling violent encounters prior to entering the law enforcement workforce.

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Section: Martialmentioning

confidence: 72%

An Exploratory Study on the Impact of Physical Training on Police Recruits’ Self-Efficacy in Handling Violent Encounters

Butler¹,

Gothe²,

Petruzzello³

2023

MAS

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“…Special police officers are required to have a strong, muscular, and robust body (Araujo et al, 2018;Dillern et al, 2014;J. Esteves, Andrade, Andreato, & Morais, 2014;Lockie et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related influences on somatic and physical fitness of elite police agents (Influencias de la edad en la aptitud física y somática de los agentes de policía de élite)

Araújo

Cancela

Bezerra

et al. 2020

Retos

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Age-related influences on somatic and physical fitness of elite police agents Influencias de la edad en la aptitud física y somática de los agentes de policía de élite Background: Elite police officers must be physically fit to perform their job occupational demands but information on the effect of age in their physical fitness and somatic composition is scarce. Our aim is to describe the effect of age on somatic and physical fitness of a Special Police Unit (SPU); and to understand age-related changes. Methods: 117 SPU elements of a total of 218, aged 42.6±4.2 years, were assessed on their somatic (height, weight, circumferences, skinfolds); body composition (BMI, body fat); and physical fitness (maximal, power and endurance strength, aerobic power, and flexibility). T-tests were used for comparing results to other police studies. Regression analysis was used to detect the effect of age for somatic and fitness variable. Results: SPU elements showed a homogeneous and suitable fitness condition. No somatic differences were found along age, but annual age losses were found for physical fitness, namely for strength: left handgrip strength (95%CI -0.70 to -0.12), bench press (95%CI -2.34 to -0.89), squat jump (95%CI -0.70 to -0.12), medicinal ball throw (95%CI -0.62 to -0.25), push-ups (95%CI -1.64 to -0.66), pull-ups (95%CI -0.53 to -0.11), sit-ups (95%CI -1.33 to -0.27), but also on the VO2max (-0.535 to -0.115). Conclusions: Portuguese SPU elements showed a good somatic and physical fitness condition according to the requirements of their profession. Regardless the effect of age they were able to maintain a good somatic fitness and a very good aerobic power along the years. The loss of strength was the most associated with age. Resumen. Introducción: Los agentes de policía de élite deben estar en buena forma física para cumplir con las demandas ocupacionales de su trabajo, pero la información sobre el efecto de la edad en su condición física y composición somática es escasa. Nuestro objetivo es describir el efecto de la edad sobre la aptitud física y somática de una Unidad Especial de Policía (SPU); y comprender los cambios relacionados con la edad. Métodos: Se evaluaron 117 elementos SPU de un total de 218, con edad de 42,6 ± 4,2 años, en su morfología (altura, peso, circunferencias, pliegues cutáneos); composición corporal (IMC, grasa corporal); y aptitud física (fuerza máxima, potencia y resistencia, potencia aeróbica y flexibilidad). Se utilizaron pruebas t-Student para comparar los resultados con otros estudios policiales. Se utilizó el análisis de regresión para detectar el efecto de la edad para la variable somática y de aptitud. Resultados: Los elementos SPU mostraron una condición física adecuada y homogénea. No se encontraron diferencias somáticas a lo largo de la edad, pero se encontraron pérdidas de edad anuales para la condición física, es decir, para la fuerza: fuerza de prensión (IC 95%: -0,70 a -0,12), bench press (IC del 95%: -2,34 a -0,89), squat jump (IC 95%: -0,70 a -0,12), lanzamiento de pelota medicinal (IC 95%: -0,62 a -0,25), extensiones de brazo (IC 95%: -1,64 a -0,66), flexiones de brazo (IC 95%: -0,53 a -0,11), abdominales (IC 95%: -1,33 a -0,27), pero también sobre el VO2 máx. (-0,535 a -0,115). Conclusiones: Los elementos SPU portugueses mostraron una buena condición física y somática de acuerdo con los requisitos de su profesión. Independientemente del efecto de la edad lograron mantener una buena condición somática y una muy buena potencia aeróbica a lo largo de los años. La pérdida de fuerza fue la más asociada con la edad.

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“…However, affecting the arrest of a struggling suspect is one of the most strenuous physical tasks that an officer might encounter. 10 These encounters may even turn into life-threatening situations.…”

Section: Literature Review On Physical Health Benefits and Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Police Chief Perceptions of Officer Physical Fitness and Barriers to Better Fitness

Wagner

Harper

Rockwell

et al. 2023

IJPS

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Maintaining fitness and a healthy bodyweight can enhance police officer safety, de-escalation of situations, and subsequently survivability of the officer in addition to overall health and wellness. This can be difficult to implement without the support of the police chief and command staff. Support for these areas by agency leadership can (will) impact the implementation and success of wellness programs in agencies. However, the support for health and wellness programs including how they impact on staff performance is not well understood by law enforcement police chiefs. This paper analyzes police chiefs’ perspectives on police officer physical fitness and bodyweight and the impact on multiple aspects of the job as well as barriers to implementing programs. To answer this, a survey consisting of twenty- two questions was distributed to 1,179 Texas police chiefs via email. The survey completion rate was 91% (511 surveys started/446 completed) with an overall response rate of 39% (1,179 total surveys distributed/446 surveys completed). Incomplete and non-chief responses were removed from the final sample, leaving 425 survey responses. Results indicated 99.5% of respondents believed it is important or somewhat important for officers to be at a healthy bodyweight. Officer safety is heavily impacted in six of the top eight areas identified as being most affected by officers not maintaining fitness or a healthy weight. The other two items represented in the top eight are related to command presence. Police chiefs indicated that the increased burden on joints was most impacted by a police officer carrying excess weight. Promotion or advancement in a career was perceived to be least impacted by being overweight. Stamina was reported as being most impacted by officers being unfit or physically inactive, followed by an increased burden on joints and the ability to defend and protect oneself. The top potential barriers to officers’ physical fitness represented by police chiefs were individual unwillingness or laziness. A more thorough understanding of perceptions and beliefs by law enforcement leadership can help enhance the alignment of programs, impact habits, and ultimately influence the daily choices that officers make. These perceptions can also assist in the development of programs to further support officer readiness, safety, and survivability as well as overall health.

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Arresting a Struggling Subject; Does the Forthcoming Police Officers Physical Fitness have an Impact on the Outcome?

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

An Exploratory Study on the Impact of Physical Training on Police Recruits’ Self-Efficacy in Handling Violent Encounters

An Exploratory Study on the Impact of Physical Training on Police Recruits’ Self-Efficacy in Handling Violent Encounters

Age-related influences on somatic and physical fitness of elite police agents (Influencias de la edad en la aptitud física y somática de los agentes de policía de élite)

Police Chief Perceptions of Officer Physical Fitness and Barriers to Better Fitness

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