Arsenate capacities of copper smelting slags

Reddy, Ramana G.; Font, Jonkion M.

doi:10.1007/s11663-003-0025-x

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…[3,4] Bismuth distribution and capacities of slags in equilibrium with copper mattes at 1573 K (1300°C) was calculated a priori using the Reddy-Blander model. [5] The predicted bismuth distribution ratios were in good agreement with the experimental data. [5] In contrast, little study has been done on the kinetics of Bi 2 S 3 oxidation/ volatilization, or Bi oxidation/volatilization.…”

supporting

confidence: 70%

“…[5] The predicted bismuth distribution ratios were in good agreement with the experimental data. [5] In contrast, little study has been done on the kinetics of Bi 2 S 3 oxidation/ volatilization, or Bi oxidation/volatilization. For a better understanding of the behavior of bismuthinite in industrial pyrometallurgical operations of roasting and smelting processes, basic kinetics studies are necessary in addition to thermodynamics analysis.…”

supporting

confidence: 70%

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Kinetics of the Oxidation of Bismuthinite in Oxygen–Nitrogen Atmospheres

Padilla

Villa

Ruiz

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans B

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Bismuth is present in copper concentrates mainly as the mineral bismuthinite (Bi 2 S 3 ). In some cases of smelting of concentrates, a substantial amount of bismuth can lead to contaminated copper cathodes. Thus, understanding the behavior of Bi 2 S 3 at high temperatures is crucial to assessing the potential of bismuth removal in the pyrometallurgical process. Therefore, the oxidation of bismuthinite in mixtures of oxygen-nitrogen atmospheres was investigated using a thermogravimetric analysis technique. The results indicate that the oxidation process occurs through the following consecutive reactions:The kinetics of the oxidation of bismuthinite (first stage) was studied, and the model ln(1 -X) = -k app t describes the kinetics of this reaction well. The bismuthinite oxidation dependence on oxygen partial pressure was of 0.9 order, and the intrinsic kinetic constants were obtained in the temperature range of 873 K to 1273 K (600°C to 1000°C), which were used to determine the activation energy of 91 kJ/mol. The results indicate that the oxidation of bismuthinite is a process controlled by chemical reactions. From this study, it can be concluded that the removal of bismuth from the Bi 2 S 3 -containing concentrates through a mechanism involving gaseous bismuth compounds is not feasible during an oxidizing roasting and/or smelting of concentrates containing Bi 2 S 3 .

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supporting

confidence: 70%

supporting

confidence: 70%

Kinetics of the Oxidation of Bismuthinite in Oxygen–Nitrogen Atmospheres

Padilla

Villa

Ruiz

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…The As in the slag was modeled as an element by Nagamori and Chaubal, [1] as AsO 3À 4 by Reddy and Font, [24] and as AsO 1.5 by Itagaki and Yazawa, [2] Kim and Sohn, [3] and Tan and Zhang. [4] As discussed in our accompanying article, [25] the trivalent oxide of As (As 3+ or AsO 1.5 ) is expected to be present in calcium ferrite and iron silicates slags over the oxygen potential rage of 10 À9 to 10 À7 atm, which are practiced commonly for copper smelting and converting.…”

Section: Arsenic In the Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Modeling of Arsenic in Copper Smelting Processes

Chen

Zhang

Jahanshahi

2010

Metall Mater Trans B

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Published data on the activity coefficients of arsenic in liquid copper, matte and, slag have been reviewed, assessed, and used in the development of thermodynamic databases for solution models of melts. The databases were validated against the literature data on the equilibrium distribution of arsenic between the matte and the slag. The models and databases were used in investigating the effects of matte grade, slag chemistry, SO 2 partial pressure, arsenic loading, and temperature on the equilibrium distribution of arsenic between the melts and gas phase during copper smelting and converting. The results obtained show that the continuous smelting processes operates close to equilibrium between condensed phases with most arsenic reporting to the gas phase. A comparison of the batch and continuous converting processes showed a considerable difference with respect to the elimination of the arsenic from condensed phases. These results indicate batch processes to be more efficient in the removal of arsenic through the gas stream.

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“…By considering SbO 4 3-as the stable species of antimony at higher temperature, and by using the same considerations of the Reddy-Blander model for the arsenate capacity derivation, 10 …”

Section: Antimonate Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of antimonate capacity in copper and nickel smelting slags

Font¹,

Reddy²

2005

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy

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The thermodynamic Reddy-Blander (RB) model was extended for deriving antimonate capacity and antimony distribution ratio between the slag and the copper and nickel matte a priori. In this study, the antimonate capacities in the FeO-FeO 1.5 -MgO-NiO-SiO 2 , FeO-FeO 1.5 -MgO-CuO 0.5 -SiO 2 and FeO-FeO 1.5 -MgO-NiO-CaO systems and the antimony distribution ratio for the FeO-FeO 1.5 -MgONiO-SiO 2 slag/Ni matte, FeO-FeO 1.5 -MgO-CuO 0.5 -SiO 2 slag/Cu matte and FeO-FeO 1.5 -MgO-NiO-CaO/Ni matte equilibrium systems were evaluated at 1523 K and 1573 K. In general, good agreement was found between the calculated RB model data and the reported experimental data for both antimonate capacity and antimony distribution ratio. The antimony distribution ratio model developed here can be extended for prediction in multicomponent base metal slags and copper and nickel mattes and, thereby, may lead to develop and/or improve the efficiency of antimony removal from the base metal smelting, converting and refining processes. J. M.

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Arsenate capacities of copper smelting slags

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Kinetics of the Oxidation of Bismuthinite in Oxygen–Nitrogen Atmospheres

Kinetics of the Oxidation of Bismuthinite in Oxygen–Nitrogen Atmospheres

Thermodynamic Modeling of Arsenic in Copper Smelting Processes

Modelling of antimonate capacity in copper and nickel smelting slags

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