Arsenic and the Cardiovascular System

Mehta, Ashish; Ramachandra, Chrishan J A; Shim, Winston

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-418688-0.00020-4

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 148 publications

(195 reference statements)

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“…The risk of dying from arsenic‐induced CVD has been documented in Chile, and Japan . Although there is a strong evidence of arsenic‐induced cardiotoxicity, many epidemiological studies reporting potential associations relate to highly exposed populations. The scientific evidence of causal association with low level exposure is inconclusive .…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Arsenic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the science review of the health effects of inorganic arsenic: Perspectives for future research

Tchounwou

Yedjou

Udensi

et al. 2018

Environmental Toxicology

134

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Human exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a global health issue. Although there is strong evidence for iAs-induced toxicity at higher levels of exposure, many epidemiological studies evaluating its effects at low exposure levels have reported mixed results. We comprehensively reviewed the literature and evaluated the scientific knowledge on human exposure to arsenic, mechanisms of action, systemic and carcinogenic effects, risk characterization, and regulatory guidelines. We identified areas where additional research is needed. These priority areas include: (1) further development of animal models of iAs carcinogenicity to identify molecular events involved in iAs carcinogenicity; (2) characterization of underlying mechanisms of iAs toxicity; (3) assessment of genderspecific susceptibilities and other factors that modulate arsenic metabolism; (4) sufficiently powered epidemiological studies to ascertain relationship between iAs exposure and reproductive/ developmental effects; (5) evaluation of genetic/epigenetic determinants of iAs effects in children;and (6) epidemiological studies of people chronically exposed to low iAs concentrations.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Arsenic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the science review of the health effects of inorganic arsenic: Perspectives for future research

Tchounwou

Yedjou

Udensi

et al. 2018

Environmental Toxicology

134

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“…Some groups (10,30,46) suggested bone marrow cells transdifferentiated to cardiomyocytes, whereas others (3,7,79,80,113) attributed such observations to cell fusion between host and transplanted cells. Furthermore, clinical trials often with conflicting results accentuated the controversy (98).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy: Stemness or Commitment?

Mehta

Shim

2013

Cell Transplant

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Cardiac stem cell therapy to promote engraftment of de novo beating cardiac muscle cells in cardiomyopathies could potentially improve clinical outcomes for many patients with congestive heart failure. Clinical trials carried out over the last decade for cardiac regeneration have revealed inadequacy of current approaches in cell therapy. Chief among them is the choice of stem cells to achieve the desired outcomes. Initial enthusiasm of adult bone marrow stems cells for myocyte regeneration has largely been relegated to paracrine-driven, donor cell-independent, endogenous cardiac repair. However, true functional restoration in heart failure is likely to require considerable myocyte replacement. In order to match stem cell application to various clinical scenarios, we review the necessity to preprime stem cells towards cardiac fate before myocardial transplantation and if these differentiated stem cells could confer added advantage over current choice of undifferentiated stem cells. We explore differentiation ability of various stem cells to cardiac progenitors/cardiomyocytes and compare their applicability in providing targeted recovery in light of current clinical challenges of cell therapy.

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