Arsenic Content in Inactive Tissue: Human Hair and Nail

Arsenic Contamination: Food Toxicity and Local Perception

“…Female participants were observed to be more unconscious than male respondents on arsenic contamination. Female respondents were found to be significantly arsenic affected compare to males in the study area (Rakib et al, 2013). Most of the female respondents were observed of lower literacy rate compare to male.…”

“…Average arsenic content in female hair and nail was found to be 3.707±0.36 µg/g and 2.034±0.19 µg/g respectively. Consecutively, average arsenic concentration in male hair and nail was found to be 0.926±0.08 µg/g and 1.397±0.09 µg/g respectively (Rakib et al, 2013). The groundwater and food contamination lead to occur health hazards.…”

“…The study area was covered by Ganges flood plain sediments which is rich in arsenic containing pyrites (Mandal et al, 1998;Chowdhury et al, 1999).The average rain fall was 3000 mm and the temperature ranges from 32 to 33°C as recorded respectively. A group of people was identified as arsenicosis patients (Rakib et al, 2013). Most of the people were agro-economic dependent.…”

“…Residence time and water using pattern act as a key parameter to make out the real situation of arsenic accumulation. Arsenic accumulation rate in human body differ to gender variation (Rakib et al, 2013) and human body physiology (Yoshinaga et al, 1990, Nowak and Kozlowski, 1998, Park et al, 2007. Average arsenic concentration in groundwater was observed 0.89 ±0.13 µg/g.…”

Arsenic levels from different land-use settings in Pakistan: Bio-accumulation and estimation of potential human health risk via dust exposure

“…Nevertheless, several studies have reported As levels in hair and nail along with water and soil of different areas (Tsuji et al, 2005;Chiou et al, 1997;Lin et al, 1998) but very few studies has reported their association with dust and air particles (Huang et al, 2014;Tsuji et al, 2005). Similarly, a number of studies have reported As concentrations in human nail and hair, and reported them as an effective bio-monitoring tool for As exposure (Cottingham et al, 2013;Rakib et al, 2013;Samanta et al, 2004;Sanz et al, 2007;Anwar, 2005), due to their keratin tissue composition, containing high cystein residues that have affinity for diverse metals transported via body fluids, thus become part of these metabolic inactive tissues (Tsuji et al, 2005 andHuang et al, 2014). Hence, once As is accumulated into these non-invasive tissues, can easily be collected and used to monitor past As exposure into human body (Gualt et al, 2008;Hinwood et al, 2003).…”