Arsenic in Drinking-Water and Risk for Cancer in Denmark

Baastrup, Rikke; Sørensen, Mette; Balstrøm, Thomas; Frederiksen, Kirsten; Larsen, Carsten Langtofte; Tjønneland, Anne; Overvad, Kim; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole

doi:10.1289/ehp.10623

Cited by 155 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Anecdotally, a Dutch population study that examined the effects of low doses of arsenic concentrations in drinking water on cancer risk found that arsenic did not increase the risk of multiple cancer types. In fact, increasing concentrations of arsenic in the water correlated with a decreased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancers (56). This reduced risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (which includes BCC) may be partially due to the effects of arsenic on Hh signaling.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 98%

Arsenic trioxide inhibits human cancer cell growth and tumor development in mice by blocking Hedgehog/GLI pathway

Beauchamp¹,

Ringer²,

Bulut³

et al. 2011

J. Clin. Invest.

316

290

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The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is activated in some human cancers, including medulloblastoma. The gliomaassociated oncogene homolog (GLI) transcription factors are critical mediators of the activated Hh pathway, and their expression may be elevated in some tumors independent of upstream Hh signaling. Thus, therapies targeting GLI transcription factors may benefit a wide spectrum of patients with mutations at different nodal points of the Hh pathway. In this study, we present evidence that arsenic trioxide (ATO) suppresses human cancer cell growth and tumor development in mice by inhibiting GLI1. Mechanistically, ATO directly bound to GLI1 protein, inhibited its transcriptional activity, and decreased expression of endogenous GLI target genes. Consistent with this, ATO inhibited the growth of human cancer cell lines that depended on upregulated GLI expression in vitro and in vivo in

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 98%

Arsenic trioxide inhibits human cancer cell growth and tumor development in mice by blocking Hedgehog/GLI pathway

Beauchamp¹,

Ringer²,

Bulut³

et al. 2011

J. Clin. Invest.

316

290

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies have conducted human health risk evaluations of heavy metals through various exposure pathways (Baastrup et al, 2008;Hough et al, 2004;Man et al, 2010;Mari et al, 2009), but little research on the key exposure route has been performed (Qu et al, 2012), with even less focus on coking plants due to the lack of systematic multipathway risk analyses. Therefore, studying the contaminant levels of environmental media around coking areas and assessing the aggregated exposure to heavy metals and metalloids via various environmental media and pathways are necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risks from the exposure of children to As, Se, Pb and other heavy metals near the largest coking plant in China

Cao

Duan

Zhao

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

341

112

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• The concentration of heavy metals and metalloids in environment and children's blood are observed around the Chinese largest coking plant.• The health risk assessments of children are analyzed.• Foods from the coking plant are heavily contaminated by As, Cr and Se.• Food Ingestion pathway contributes most to children's average daily dose for most heavy metals and metalloids.• Higher potentially non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks happen to the local children. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Coking influences environmental quality and poses high risks to human health as large amounts of heavy metals and metalloids are emitted into the environment from coal during the coking process. Health risks depend heavily on multi-pathway and element-specific exposures, which have, unfortunately, been rarely studied. In this study, children's health risks and exposure levels to As, Se, and heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Mn, V and Sb) in the water, soil, dust, air and locally produced food were studied based on field sampling and questionnaire-based surveys around the largest coking area in China. Human blood samples were collected and analyzed to indicate the exposure levels. The non-carcinogenic risks to children mainly resulted from Cr, Mn, Pb, As and Sb, the levels of which were 3 to 10 times higher than the acceptable levels (1.0 × 10 −6 ). The carcinogenic risks to children were 30 to 200 times higher than the safe level (1.0 × 10 −6 -1.0 × 10 −4 ), which could be attributed to Cr, As and Ni pollution. The estimated risks mainly came from the pathway involving the ingestion of locally produced food, accounting for more than 85% in total for most elements. For As, the food ingestion and air inhalation exposure pathways both contributed approximately 50%, respectively. The high risks in this study highlight the attention paid to the health of children who live in the vicinity of coking activities and the importance of site-specific multi-pathway health risk assessments and food safety to protect potentially exposed children.

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“…These species may enter the human body through inhalation of dust, direct ingestion of soil and water, dermal contact of contaminated soil and water, and consumption of vegetables grown in contaminated fields. Various studies have been conducted to evaluate population health risks due to heavy metal exposure through various exposure pathways, especially soil and food chain [17,18,19,20,21,22]. Since it is difficult to identify the key exposure route because of lack of multipathway risk analysis, media or pathway-specific approach may fail to ensure public safety [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Exposure Pathways of Heavy Metals in a Lead-Zinc Mining Area, Jiangsu Province, China

Qu¹,

Ma²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

Heavy Metal Contamination of Water and Soil

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Heavy metal pollution is becoming a serious issue in developing countries such as China, and the public is increasingly aware of its adverse health impacts in recent years. We assessed the potential health risks in a lead-zinc mining area and attempted to identify the key exposure pathways. We evaluated the spatial distributions of personal exposure using indigenous exposure factors and field monitoring results of water, soil, food, and indoor and outdoor air samples. The risks posed by 10 metals and the contribution of inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact pathways to these risks were estimated. Human hair samples were also analyzed to indicate the exposure level in the human body. Our results show that heavy metal pollution may pose high potential health risks to local residents, especially in the village closest to the mine (V1), mainly due to Pb, Cd and Hg. Correspondingly, the residents in V1 had higher Pb (8.14 mg/kg) levels in hair than those in the other two villages. Most of the estimated risks came from soil, the intake of self-produced vegetables and indoor air inhalation. This study highlights the importance of site-specific multipathway health risk assessments in studying heavymetal exposures in China.

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Arsenic in Drinking-Water and Risk for Cancer in Denmark

Cited by 155 publications

References 34 publications

Arsenic trioxide inhibits human cancer cell growth and tumor development in mice by blocking Hedgehog/GLI pathway

Arsenic trioxide inhibits human cancer cell growth and tumor development in mice by blocking Hedgehog/GLI pathway

Health risks from the exposure of children to As, Se, Pb and other heavy metals near the largest coking plant in China

Human Exposure Pathways of Heavy Metals in a Lead-Zinc Mining Area, Jiangsu Province, China

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