Arsenic Metabolites in Human Urine after Ingestion of an Arsenosugar

Francesconi, Kevin A.; Tanggaar, René; McKenzie, Christine J.; Goessler, Walter

doi:10.1093/clinchem/48.1.92

Cited by 228 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Together, their concentration was only about 5% of total As. Some researchers have reported that DMA and a number of dimethylarsenic compounds were detected in human urine after ingestion of seaweeds or AsSugs, by the HPLC-ICP-MS method 12,13,33) . In the present study, unidentified arsenic compounds included dimethylarsenic species such as metabolites of AsSugs, although their concentrations were fairly low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HPLC‐ICP‐MS Speciation Analysis of Arsenic in Urine of Japanese Subjects without Occupational Exposure

Hata

Endo

Nakajima

et al. 2007

Journal of Occupational Health

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HPLC-ICP-MS Speciation Analysis of Arsenic in Urine of Japanese Subjects withoutOccupational Exposure: Akihisa HATA, et al. D e p a r t m e n t o f P r e v e n t i v e M e d i c i n e a n d Environmental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University-The toxicity and carcinogenicity of arsenic depend on its species. Individuals living in Japan consume much seafood that contains high levels of organoarsenics. Speciation analysis of urinary arsenic is required to clarify the health risks of arsenic intake. There has been no report of urinary arsenic analysis in Japan using high performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). We performed speciation analysis of urinary arsenic for 210 Japanese male subjects without occupational exposure using HPLC-ICP-MS. The median values of urinary arsenics were as follows: sodium arsenite ( A s I I I ) , 3 . 5 ; s o d i u m a r s e n a t e ( A s V ) , 0 . 1 ; monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), 3.1; dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), 42.6; arsenobetaine (AsBe), 61.3; arsenocholine, trimethylarsine oxide, and unidentified arsenics (others), 5.2; and total arsenic (total As), 141.3 µgAs/l. The median creatinine-adjusted values were as follows: AsIII, 3.0; AsV, 0.1; MMA, 2.6; DMA, 35.9; AsBe, 52.1; others 3.5; and total As, 114.9 µgAs/g creatinine. Our findings indicate that DMA and AsBe levels in Japan are much higher than those found in Italian and American studies. It appears that the high levels of DMA and AsBe observed in Japan may be due in part to seafood intake. ACGIH and DFG set the BEI and BAT values for occupational arsenic exposure as 35 µgAs/l and 50 µgAs/l, respectively, using the sum of inorganic arsenic (iAs), MMA, and DMA. In the general Japanese population, the sums of these were above 50 µgAs/l in 115 (55%) samples. We therefore recommend excluding DMA concentration in monitoring of iAs exposure. (J Occup Health 2007; 49: 217-223)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…iAs is methylated to monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), DMA, and trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) in mammals [9][10][11] . AsSugs are extensively metabolized to DMA 12,13) . AsBe is only minimally metabolized in mammals 11) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC‐ICP‐MS Speciation Analysis of Arsenic in Urine of Japanese Subjects without Occupational Exposure

Hata

Endo

Nakajima

et al. 2007

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…The finding in this work of DMAE and DMAP in marine biological tissues is to our knowledge the first to be reported. Several studies have reported the presence of DMAA 19,20 and DMAE [20][21][22][23] in urine samples. Both HPLC/ICPMS and HPLC/ESI-MS/MS were used for the determination.…”

Section: A Brief Review On Findings Of Dmaa and Dmae In Biological Samentioning

confidence: 99%

Report on three aliphatic dimethylarsinoyl compounds as common minor constituents in marine samples. An investigation using high‐performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry

Sloth¹,

Larsen²,

Julshamn³

2004

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Three water-soluble aliphatic arsenicals, dimethylarsinoyl acetate (DMAA), dimethylarsinoyl ethanol (DMAE), and dimethylarsinoyl propionate (DMAP), were identified in marine biological samples. Sample extracts in methanol/water (1 + 1) were analysed by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC/ICPMS). Eluate fractions from the HPLC/ICPMS analyses containing the compounds in question were collected and subjected to analysis by electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS), which provided supportive evidence for the structures of the three compounds. The concentrations of the three arsenicals were determined in 37 marine organisms comprising algae, crustaceans, bivalves, fish and mammals by HPLC/ICPMS. The three arsenicals DMAA, DMAE and DMAP, which occurred at microg kg(-1) concentrations, were detected in 25, 23 and 17 of the 37 samples analysed, respectively. The limits of detection were 2-3 microg kg(-1) dry mass. The data illustrate that the three compounds are common minor constituents in marine samples. This is the first report on DMAE and DMAP as naturally occurring species in marine samples. The presence of DMAA and DMAE supports a proposed biosynthesis of arsenobetaine (AB) from dimethylarsinoylribosides. Alternative proposals, which explain the presence of the compounds in marine samples, are addressed briefly in the paper.

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“…In particular, many studies have reported detecting DMA in urine after consumption of seaweed 12,13,22,23 ) . AsSugs, the majority of which become DMA, are broken down in the body and then excreted 7,[24][25][26] .L iet al 18 ) reported that iAs were detected at levels below 2% of the total arsenic in fish or shellfish samples of Chinese seafood. However, they were not detected in algae samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to DMA, methylated arsenics such as arsenobetaine (AsBe), arsenocholine (AsCho), and arsenosugars (AsSugs) are abundant in seafood products 1,4 ) . Although AsBe is only minimally metabolized in mammals 5) , AsCho and AsSug are extensively metabolized to AsBe and DMA 6,7) , respectively. Therefore, large amounts of AsBe and DMA and small amounts of MMA and iAs have been observed in the urine of seafood consumers without occupational iAs exposure [8][9][10][11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biological indicator of inorganic arsenic exposure using the sum of urinary inorganic arsenic and monomethylarsonic acid concentrations

Hata

Kurosawa

Endo

et al. 2016

Journal of Occupational Health

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Objectives: The sum of urinary inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) concentrations is used for the biological monitoring of occupational iAs exposure. Although DMA is a major metabolite of iAs, it is an inadequate index because high DMA levels are present in urine after seafood consumption. We estimated the urinary iAs+MMA concentration corresponding to iAs exposure. Methods: We used data from two arsenic speciation analyses of urine samples from 330 Bangladeshi with oral iAs exposure and 172 Japanese workers without occupational iAs exposure using high-performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results: iAs, MMA, and DMA, but not arsenobetaine (AsBe), were detected in the urine of the Bangladeshi subjects. The correlation between iAs+MMA+DMA and iAs+MMA was obtained as log (iAs+MMA) = 1.038 log (iAs+MMA+DMA) -0.658. Using the regression formula, the iAs+MMA value was calculated as 2.15 and 7.5 μg As/l, corresponding to 3 and 10 μg As/m3 of exposures, respectively. In the urine of the Japanese workers, arsenic was mostly excreted as AsBe. We used the 95th percentile of iAs+MMA (12.6 μg As/l) as the background value. The sum of the calculated and background values can be used as a biological indicator of iAs exposure. Conclusion: We propose 14.8 and 20.1 μg As/l of urinary iAs+MMA as the biological indicators of 3 and 10 μg As/m3 iAs exposure, respectively.

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Arsenic Metabolites in Human Urine after Ingestion of an Arsenosugar

Cited by 228 publications

References 27 publications

HPLC‐ICP‐MS Speciation Analysis of Arsenic in Urine of Japanese Subjects without Occupational Exposure

HPLC‐ICP‐MS Speciation Analysis of Arsenic in Urine of Japanese Subjects without Occupational Exposure

Report on three aliphatic dimethylarsinoyl compounds as common minor constituents in marine samples. An investigation using high‐performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry

A biological indicator of inorganic arsenic exposure using the sum of urinary inorganic arsenic and monomethylarsonic acid concentrations

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