Arsenic removal from waters by bioremediation with the aquatic plants Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and Lesser Duckweed (Lemna minor)

Potential of duckweed in the conversion of wastewater nutrients to valuable biomass: A pilot-scale comparison with water hyacinth

“…Partial studies have indicated that water hyacinth had higher growth rate and nutrient removal rate than duckweed (Alvarado et al, 2008;DeBusk et al, 1995;Reddy and Debusk, 1984;Reddy and Debusk, 1985a;Reddy and Debusk, 1985b). However, in these studies, the scale was small and the period of operation was short (less than one year), more importantly, the further resource utilization of biomass obtained in the process of wastewater treatment was also not assessed.…”

The physiological and biochemical mechanism of nitrate-nitrogen removal by water hyacinth from agriculture eutrophic wastewater

“…Applying in rivers, lakes, aquatic plant pond, surface flow constructed wetland is the primary application form of water hyacinth (Zhang et al, 2014;Vymazal, 2013;Saeed and Sun, 2012). The results of the experiments demonstrate that water hyacinth can not only absorb N and P (Zimmels et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2006), but also remove heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb, etc) (Lin, 2013), toxic substance such as As (Alvarado et al, 2008), radioactive substance such as 137 Cs and 60 Co (Saleh, 2012) and organic pollutants (Saeed and Sun, 2012)in waste water. It is reported (Zhang and Wang, 2007)that water hyacinth purifying water quality includes following approach: 1) overspreading the surface of water body with leaves, as a result the algae die because photosynthesis is blocked; 2) creating a favorable growth condition for microorganism by temperature adjustment; 3) supplying microorganism of carbon source which was composed of leaves; 4) supplying attached carrier, filtering pollutant, absorbing nutrition (N, P, some heavy metals and organic matters) for microorganism by developed roots; 5) degrading pollutant by root attached microorganism; 6) redistributing intracorporal nutrient substance and adjusting its own shape to achieve the best reproduction rate (Xie et al, 2004).…”

Biological removal of triphenylmethane dyes from aqueous solution by Lemna minor

“…The duckweed species from the botanical family of Lemnaceae have grabbed the attention of researchers in recent years. 5,6 The free-floating aquatic plant, Lemna minor, is considered to be an ideal test system for water remediation research [7][8][9] because of its physiological properties (small size, big surface) and high multiplication rate. 10,11 Lemna minor is considered one of the fastest growing plants, with a productivity of 10-30 tons of dry mass/ha·year, confirmed by Bich, 12 having a good capacity to adapt to different conditions, like a wide range of pH (4.5-8.3), temperature (6-33 °C), and different kinds of wastewaters.…”