Arsenic Solubility in a Reduced Environment

Deuel, Lloyd E.; Swoboda, Allen R.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1972.03615995003600020022x

Cited by 101 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…The reduced state, As(III), is much more toxic (Webb, 1966;Penrose, 1974) and more soluble and mobile (Deuel and Swoboda, 1972) than the oxidized state, As(V); consequently, it is of fundamental importance to know the mechanism of transformations of arsenic species in aquatic systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Manganese in the Oxidation of Arsenite by Freshwater Lake Sediments

Oscarson

Huang

Liaw

1981

Clays and clay miner.

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The importance of various sediment components in the oxidation of As(III) (arsenite) to As(V) (arsenate) by freshwater lake sediments in southern Saskatchewan was examined. Treating the sediments with hydroxylamine hydrochloride or sodium acetate to remove Mn greatly decreased the oxidation of As(III). Furthermore, synthetic Mn(IV) oxide was a very effective oxidant with respect to As(liD: 216 t~g As(V)/ml was formed in solution when 1000 txg As(III)/ml was added to suspensions of 0.1 g of the oxide. These results indicate that Mn in the sediment was probably the primary electron acceptor in the oxidation of As(III). The conversion of As(III) to As(V) by naturally occurring carbonate and silicate minerals common in sediments was not evident in the system studied. Sediment particles >20 ~.m in size are the least effective in oxidizing As(III); the oxidizing ability of the 5-20-, 2-5-, and <2-/~m particle size fractions varies depending on the sediment. The concentration of As(V) in equilibrated solutions after adding increasing amounts of As(III) (as much as 100/~g/ml) to 1 g of the three sediments ranged from approximately 3.5 to 19 p.g/ml. Because As(III) is more toxic and soluble than As(V), Mn-bearing components of both the colloidal and non-colloidal fractions of the sediments may potentially detoxify any As(Ill) that may enter aquatic environments by converting it to As(V). This is very important in reducing the As contamination and in maintaining the ecological balance in aquatic environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Manganese in the Oxidation of Arsenite by Freshwater Lake Sediments

Oscarson

Huang

Liaw

1981

Clays and clay miner.

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“…In general, reducing conditions and/or the presence of reductants readily promote sorbent dissolution, causing the release of sorbed As. Increased As solubility in reduced soils has been reported by many researchers [60][61][62][63]; however, decreased As solubility in long-term flooded soils has also been observed [63,64]. Resorption of As on solids [65] and co-precipitation of Mn 3 (AsO 4 ) 2 -like phases [61] were suggested to explain the decreased As solubility under long-term and moderately reduced conditions (0-100 mV).…”

Section: 1 Arsenic Speciation and Solubilitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Arsenic and Antimony

Arai

2010

Trace Elements in Soils

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Arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) are chalcophilic metalloids that share numerous similarities in biogeochemical properties. This chapter reviews the chemical properties, environmental/geochemical reactions, phytoaccumulation and toxicology of the two elements.Arsenic belongs to Group 15 in the periodic table. The electron configuration is [Ar]3d 10 4s 2 4p 3 , and it has four major oxidation states (þ5, þ3, 0, and À3). Arsenic has multiple isotopes, and most of them have very short half-life (t ½ ) of microseconds to milliseconds. Of these, 71 As, 72 As, 73 As, 74 As and 74 As have t ½ of approximately 65 h to 80 days, and 75 As is the only stable isotope. In the soil and water environment, inorganic As is mainly present in two oxidation states (þ3 and þ5). Arsenite, As(III), commonly exists as arsenious acid, As(OH) 3 , in reduced environments. Conversely, an oxidized environment contains more arsenate, As(V), as arsenic acid (for example, HAsO 4 2À ). Antimony also belongs to Group 15 in the periodic table. The electron configuration is [Kr] 5s 2 4d 10 5p 3 , and it has four major oxidation states (þ5, þ3, 0 and À3). The most common oxidation states in low temperature environments are þ5 and þ3. Although Sb has multiple isotopes, most of them have short t ½ of <1 day. Only a few of its isotopes have t ½ of more than a few days: 122 Sb (2.7 days), 124 Sb (60.2 days), 126 Sb (12.3 days), and 127 Sb (3.85 days). Antimony has two stable isotopes, 121 Sb and 123 Sb. Antimony-125 is a fission product of 235 U, and has a half life of $2.76 years. While antimonite, Sb(III), commonly exists as antimonous acid, Trace Elements in SoilsEdited by Peter S. Hooda

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“…under moderate to high reducing conditions. Increase in soluble As upon reduction had been attributed to the change of As (V) to more soluble As (III) [25][26][27]. pH varied narrow (6.8~8.2) in the studied columns and effect of pH on As release was not significant.…”

Section: Release Of As Fe and Mnmentioning

confidence: 88%

Arsenic Release from Contaminated Soil of Bangladesh in Natural Field Conditions

et al. 2009

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Leaching experiment was conducted to understand the mechanism of arsenic release from soil in the natural field conditions. Two types of column were run, one with de-ionized water (DW) and another with synthetic Bangladesh groundwater (GW) as influent which simulated rainfall and groundwater conditions, respectively. As the primary mechanism for the arsenic release from soil it was identified that the redox potential (Eh) was major importance. In highly reducing conditions both arsenic and iron release was high. Released mass of arsenic was higher in DW column than GW column. The difference was caused by the presence of calcium and magnesium ion in the synthetic groundwater. Comparing to the acid-alkali sequential extraction it was found that calcium and magnesium prohibited the release of arsenic bound with iron. The effect of calcium and magnesium was clarified in the batch experiment performed in the study.

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Arsenic Solubility in a Reduced Environment

Cited by 101 publications

References 0 publications

Role of Manganese in the Oxidation of Arsenite by Freshwater Lake Sediments

Role of Manganese in the Oxidation of Arsenite by Freshwater Lake Sediments

Arsenic and Antimony

Arsenic Release from Contaminated Soil of Bangladesh in Natural Field Conditions

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