Art and science in the design of physically large and complex systems

Andrews, David

doi:10.1098/rspa.2011.0590

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…[31][32][33][34]. The 2012 article in Proc Royal Society [35] followed on from two earlier Royal Society Proceedings papers on design of complex systems and brought together the author's philosophical investigations as the international leading authority in marine design methodology [36,37]. One of the 2012 article's referees commented: an interesting and insightful analysis.…”

Section: Return To Ucl As Professor Of Engineering Design (2000-)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pioneer of Naval Ship Design

Andrews¹

2020

Ships and Offshore Structures

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Section: Return To Ucl As Professor Of Engineering Design (2000-)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pioneer of Naval Ship Design

Andrews¹

2020

Ships and Offshore Structures

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“…An example of such an approach in structural dynamics is considering the response of a mass-spring system in the frequency domain instead of the time domain, where knowledge about the response of the system can be obtained without having actual values for the mass or the spring. Though ship design is fundamentally different from the design of a mechanical system based on laws of physics [2], an approach analogous to this mass-spring example can be beneficial to ship designers as well: in order to find out what is preferred, there is no longer a need for analysing concepts that already included the designer's preconceptions.…”

Section: Vulnerability In Early Stage Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a novel design perspective for system vulnerability using a Markov chain

Jansen

Duchateau²,

Kana

2018

Proceedings of the International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition (INEC)

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In order to investigate to which extent naval ships can execute their operational scenario after damage, an early stage assessment of the vulnerability of distributed systems needs to be carried out. Such assessments are currently mostly done by evaluating the performance of predefined concepts. However, such an approach does not necessarily lead to the most desirable solution, since solutions outside the scope of the designer’s preconceived ideas or experience are inherently hard to investigate. This paper therefore proposes several steps towards an approach that enables a vulnerability assessment that is independent of predefined concepts. This is done by incorporating several additions to an existing system vulnerability approach developed by the authors, using a Markov chain. With this approach there is no longer a need for modelling individual hits or damage scenarios. Whereas the approach has previously been shown in concept, this paper introduces three improvements that contribute to the applicability of the approach: 1)it is scaled up in order to model a larger number of compartments and distributed systems, 2) the hit probabilities for different compartments can be adjusted, and 3) it is shown how the availability of main ship functions can be derived from the availability of individual connections. A test case that compares two powering concepts (conventional and full electric powering) of a notional Oceangoing Patrol Vessel (OPV) is provided to illustrate the principles behind the improvements. From the results the two main contributions of this paper can be obtained: 1)the possibility to assess the system vulnerability for different levels of required residual capacity at different impact levels, and 2) and the quantitative nature of the results, aiding ship designers and naval staff with understanding the consequences of various concepts on the system vulnerability.

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“…Furthermore many introduce nonlinearities into the iterative balance of weight, space and naval architecture. A further caveat is to list five features, stated by Andrews (2003), as seen to be necessary in any approach to initial ship design -to which we will return later in this paper but are appropriate to outline now, as they capture the sophistication implicit in a proper initial ship design process:-…”

Section: Modelling the Ship Design Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study into the Validity of the Ship Design Spiral in Early Stage Ship Design

Pawling

Percival²,

Andrews

2017

j ship prod des

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For many years the design spiral has been seen to be a convenient model of an acknowledged complex process. It has virtues particularly in recognising the interactive and, hopefully, converging nature of the process. However many find it unsatisfactory. One early criticism focused on its apparent assumption of a relatively smooth process to a balanced solution implied by most ship concept algorithms. The paper draws on a postgraduate design investigation using the UCL Design Building Block approach, which looked specifically at a nascent naval combatant design and the issues of size associated with "passing decks" and margins. Results from the study are seen to suggest there are distinct regions of cliffs and plateaux in plots of capability against design output, namely ship size and cost. These findings are discussed with regard to the insight they provide into the nature of such ship designs and different ways of representing the ship design process. The paper concludes that the ship design spiral is a misleading and unreliable representation of complex ship design at both the strategic and detailed iterative levels.

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Art and science in the design of physically large and complex systems

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

A Pioneer of Naval Ship Design

A Pioneer of Naval Ship Design

Towards a novel design perspective for system vulnerability using a Markov chain

A Study into the Validity of the Ship Design Spiral in Early Stage Ship Design

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