‘Art in capital’: Shaping distinctiveness in a culture-led urban regeneration project in Red Town, Shanghai

The role of stakeholder collaboration in culture-led urban regeneration: A case study of the Gwangju project, Korea

“…However, it remains to be seen whether positive outcomes for the national economy and the communities (cf. Wang, 2009) will arise. The findings point to a need for closer working relationships between central-municipal governments and public-private/voluntary sectors to better understand the process of regeneration and culture's contribution to regeneration (KMCST, 2007a(KMCST, , 2007bRoberts & Sykes, 2000), and to implement and deliver effectively and efficiently culture-led urban regeneration programs.…”

“…For several years, the Master Plan of the Gwangju project was evaluated alongside doubts over the viability of the HCAC, resulting in a lack of communities' confidence due to policy consistency in the political context (cf. Sasaki, 2010;Wang, 2009). Although the ACC is considered to be at the forefront of planned cultural/tourism industry development, the evaluation of the ACC and the Gwangju project itself in the Initial Phase tends to be weak and superficial due to there being only limited evidence of economic validity and cultural impacts, as recommended by Evans and Shaw (2004).…”

“…For example, Wang (2009) reviewed the Red Town project in Shanghai, which was documented to be set up as an attempt to enhance the development of art and culture but it transpired that its planning and execution was solely to generate revenue. Subsequently, critics referred to ''deliberate manipulation of culture'', with a particular focus on social inequity due to the fact that low cost industrial properties were transformed into creative spectacular buildings and then sold as office spaces without any economic benefits for the community or the artists (Wang, 2009: 319).…”

Weighting for what? A comparison of two weighting methods for measuring urban competitiveness

“…However, urban policies formulated in this way have often been found not only ineffective due to the small number of jobs created and negative fiscal impact, but also lacking in long-term viability due to limited support from the citizenry (Molotch, 1999: 260). For example, studies on place promotion show that some city branding strategies only have short-term effects, but with unexpected negative social consequences (Wang, 2009). …”

Environmental Leadership Development Based on Activity Theory for Sustainable Urban Development in the Greater Pearl River Delta, China

“…However, competitiveness does not include noneconomic success or accept the consequences, such as social polarization and environmental pollution [ 2 ]; favoring economic growth has wider problematic social consequences [ 3 ]. Therefore, the concept of competitiveness is being modifi ed to incorporate social and environmental criteria as it directly affects the quality of life.…”