Artefacts in histopathology

Chatterjee, Shailja

doi:10.4103/0973-029x.141346

Cited by 167 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Shrinkage is almost unavoidable and thereby introducing possibly the most significant artifact of a histological procedure. Tissues fixed in formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin wax have been reported to shrink up to 33% [61], whereas other studies reported even stronger shrinkage when tissues were subjected to fixation, cryoprotection, or embedding routines [62, 63]. Furthermore, some tumors exhibited large central necrotic areas and impression was that these necrotic tumors were even more prone to shrinkage artifacts in our dataset.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Imaging of Orthotopic Glioblastoma Xenografts in Mice Using a Clinical CT Scanner: Comparison with Micro-CT and Histology

et al. 2016

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PurposeThere is an increasing need for small animal in vivo imaging in murine orthotopic glioma models. Because dedicated small animal scanners are not available ubiquitously, the applicability of a clinical CT scanner for visualization and measurement of intracerebrally growing glioma xenografts in living mice was validated.Materials and Methods2.5x106 U87MG cells were orthotopically implanted in NOD/SCID/ᵞc-/- mice (n = 9). Mice underwent contrast-enhanced (300 μl Iomeprol i.v.) imaging using a micro-CT (80 kV, 75 μAs, 360° rotation, 1,000 projections, scan time 33 s, resolution 40 x 40 x 53 μm) and a clinical CT scanner (4-row multislice detector; 120 kV, 150 mAs, slice thickness 0.5 mm, feed rotation 0.5 mm, resolution 98 x 98 x 500 μm). Mice were sacrificed and the brain was worked up histologically. In all modalities tumor volume was measured by two independent readers. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were measured from reconstructed CT-scans (0.5 mm slice thickness; n = 18).ResultsTumor volumes (mean±SD mm3) were similar between both CT-modalities (micro-CT: 19.8±19.0, clinical CT: 19.8±18.8; Wilcoxon signed-rank test p = 0.813). Moreover, between reader analyses for each modality showed excellent agreement as demonstrated by correlation analysis (Spearman-Rho >0.9; p<0.01 for all correlations). Histologically measured tumor volumes (11.0±11.2) were significantly smaller due to shrinkage artifacts (p<0.05). CNR and SNR were 2.1±1.0 and 1.1±0.04 for micro-CT and 23.1±24.0 and 1.9±0.7 for the clinical CTscanner, respectively.ConclusionClinical CT scanners may reliably be used for in vivo imaging and volumetric analysis of brain tumor growth in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Imaging of Orthotopic Glioblastoma Xenografts in Mice Using a Clinical CT Scanner: Comparison with Micro-CT and Histology

et al. 2016

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“…Finally, loss of detail of vascular, nerves and glands structures may be observed. [20,21] Prolonged fixation may cause "bleaching artifact" giving an empty space appearance simulating sometimes vascular invasion. [22] Consequently, antigenicity may also be decreased, [23] probably due high pH level of formalin solution, fortunately, immunostainning was not affected in the under discussion case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary breast carcinoma with features of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma

Koufopoulos

Kapatou

Antoniadou

et al. 2018

JST

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A 61-year-old female patient with no previous medical history presented to our hospital with a palpable right breast mass as well as palpable axillary lymph nodes. Microscopic examination revealed a bifocal primary carcinoma of the breast displaying characteristics similar to that of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Three axillary lymph nodes contained metastases. Immunohistochemical study for TTF-1, Thyroglobulin, GATA-3, ER and PR was consistent with a primary breast carcinoma, excluding the possibility of a metastatic tumor.The above unusual morphological features were caused by improper fixed tissue. Suboptimal fixation may cause tissue artifacts such as shrinkage, streaming, diffusion, vacuolation and nuclear or cytoplasmic changes as well as decreasing tissue antigenicity. Occasionally, altered morphology may mislead to major diagnostic pitfall.

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“…The biopsies may not be representative of the diseased tissue, as they cover only a small portion of the tissue, and thus are subject to sampling errors. In addition, staining protocols involve processing steps which often deform or alter the tissue from the original tissue structure [1, 12]. Finally, the tissue sections are typically imaged in 2D and so provide a limited view of collagen organization across the whole tissue, preventing robust 3D quantitative analysis.…”

Section: Cellular–scale Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging the Cardiac Extracellular Matrix

Pinkert

Hortensius

Ogle

et al. 2018

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Cardiovascular disease is the global leading cause of death. One route to address this problem is using biomedical imaging to measure the molecules and structures that surround cardiac cells. This cellular microenvironment, known as the cardiac extracellular matrix, changes in composition and organization during most cardiac diseases and in response to many cardiac treatments. Measuring these changes with biomedical imaging can aid in understanding, diagnosing, and treating heart disease. This chapter supports those efforts by reviewing representative methods for imaging the cardiac extracellular matrix. It first describes the major biological targets of ECM imaging, including the primary imaging target of fibrillar collagen. Then it discusses the imaging methods, describing their current capabilities and limitations. It categorizes the imaging methods into two main categories: organ-scale noninvasive methods and cellular-scale invasive methods. Noninvasive methods can be used on patients, but only a few are clinically available, and others require further development to be used in the clinic. Invasive methods are the most established and can measure a variety of properties, but they cannot be used on live patients. Finally, the chapter concludes with a perspective on future directions and applications of biomedical imaging technologies.

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Artefacts in histopathology

Cited by 167 publications

References 6 publications

Imaging of Orthotopic Glioblastoma Xenografts in Mice Using a Clinical CT Scanner: Comparison with Micro-CT and Histology

Imaging of Orthotopic Glioblastoma Xenografts in Mice Using a Clinical CT Scanner: Comparison with Micro-CT and Histology

Primary breast carcinoma with features of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma

Imaging the Cardiac Extracellular Matrix

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