Artemia with Synbiotics Enrichment Improves Resistance Against Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND of Litopenaeus vannamei Larvae

Abstract

Shrimp, a high-protein food commodity, is one of the world's fastest-growing food-producing sectors. The present research aimed to find out the survival and growth of Litopenaues vannamei Post Larva (PL) and the resistance against VpAHND and stress salinity. 1500 PL were reared to two sets of experiments at the density of 50 PL. L-1. The first set is purposed to determine the PL growth, resistance to Vibrio paramaemolyticus AHPND challenge and stress salinity. The second set is purposed to determine the survival rate. A Completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications was conducted. The treatments are Artemia enrichment with different Alginate doses and probiotics (400, 600, 800 ppm Alg+pro), probiotics (Pro), and control without any synbiotics addition. PL was reared in 14 days. The survival rate, and weight gain were calculated. At the end of the experiment, 10 PL was challenged against VpAHPND at 1 x 107 CFU mL-1by immersion methods. Twenty PL was exposed to stress salinity and shocked from 25 ppt to 0 ppt. The best survival rate ((78±2%), and tolerance to osmotic stress was reached at PL fed on a combination of alginate and FNCC-002 Lactobacillus bulgaricus probiotics (p<0.05). PL fed on Artemia enriched probiotics reached the highest resistance to severe VpAHNPD. The weight gain among treatments is similar. It can be concluded that synbiotics of alginate as prebiotics and FNCC-004 probiotics work synergically and this might be interrelated with immune response.

Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei using Synbiotics Supplementation Diet in Outdoor Low-Salinity Ponds Concerning Water Quality Parameters and Phytoplankton Communities

“…Previously, all glassware, media, and sterilization materials were autoclaved and sprayed with 70% alcohol in a Laminar Air Flow under UV exposure (Guridi et al, 2019). One colony of FNCC-004 cultured in De Man, Rogosa, and Shape Agar/MRS Agar media was resuspended in 100 mL of Nutrient Broth/NB (Merck, USA) and 5% MRS broth, then incubated for 24 hours at 37°C (Yudiati et al, 2023;Yudiati et al, 2021). A prebiotic-probiotic (synbiotic) mixture was formulated by mixing FNCC-004 and sodium alginate.…”

“…Water quality deterioration will make L. vannamei susceptible to disease attacks, even mass mortality (Brito et al, 2014). Therefore, alternatives are needed to increase L. vannamei shrimp production by improving their health in an environmentally friendly manner, such as through the administration of immunostimulants (Azhar and Yudiati, 2023).…”

“…Several studies have proven that alginate immunostimulants in L. vannamei produce positive results. A few research revealed that using alginate in L. vannamei can stimulate and enhance non-specific immune responses, preventing WSSV infection (Yudiati et al, 2019) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND (Azhar and Yudiati, 2023). Setyawan et al (2021) also reported that adding alginate extract at a dose of 2 g/kg feed can increase Total Haemocyte Count (THC), Phagocytosis Activity (AF), and Total Plasma Protein (TPP).…”