Artemisinin ameliorates intestinal inflammation by skewing macrophages to the M2 phenotype and inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition

Huai, Manxiu; Zeng, Junxiang; Ge, Wensong

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107284

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…M1 macrophages, which are characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, promote pro-inflammatory effects. Conversely, M2 macrophages, which are characterized by upregulated expression of Arg1, mitigate inflammation through the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 . The effect of B. cereus on the regulation of macrophage polarization in an experimental mouse model of colitis has not been previously evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Bacillus cereus Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice through Improvement of the Intestinal Barrier Function, Anti-Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Sheng

Kong

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Dysbiosis leads to continuous progress of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, current therapeutic approaches for IBD have limited efficacy and are associated with various side effects. This study focused on exploring the positive effect of a new Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) strain (HMPM18123) in a colitis mouse model and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The colitis symptoms were alleviated by the B. cereus administration as evidenced by decreased body weight loss, colon length shortening, disease activity index score, and histopathological score. The B. cereus mitigated intestinal epithelial barrier damage by upregulating tight junction protein expression. Moreover, B. cereus exerted anti-inflammatory effects by regulating macrophage polarization and suppressing the TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways. B. cereus also rebalanced the damaged gut microbiota. Thus, the molecular mechanism of alleviating colitis by B. cereus treatment involved the regulation of the TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways in intestinal mucosal barriers by modulating gut microbiota composition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Bacillus cereus Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice through Improvement of the Intestinal Barrier Function, Anti-Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Sheng

Kong

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…M2 macrophages are primarily implicated in a plethora of anti-inflammatory responses, such that induction of the M2 phenotype can ameliorate inflammatory bowel diseases including UC and Crohn’s disease [ 48 ]. Unsurprisingly, akin to their parent cells, M2-EVs are also known to play extensive roles in the pathology of inflammatory bowel diseases [ 49 ], and further serve as robust mediators for improvement of inflammation [ 11 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles carrying lncRNA MEG3 in inflammatory responses in ulcerative colitis

et al. 2021

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon. M2 macrophages possess certain anti-inflammation activity. Accordingly, the current study set out to investigate the potential mechanism of M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (M2-EVs) in UC inflammation. Firstly, mouse peritoneal macrophages were induced to M2 phenotype, and M2-EVs were isolated. , the murine model of UC was established, and the length and weight of the colon, disease activity index (DAI), apoptosis, and inflammatory response of UC mice were measured. Young adult mouse colon (YAMC) cells were induced with the help of lipopolysaccharide. LncRNA maternally expressed 3 (LncRNA MEG3), miR-20b-5p, and cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1) expression patterns were detected in UC models. In addition, we analyzed the binding relationship among MEG3, miR-20b-5p, and CREB1. UC mice presented with shortened colon length, lightened weight, increased DAI score, enhanced apoptosis, and significant inflammatory cell infiltration, while M2-EVs reversed these trends. In vitro , M2-EVs increased UC cell viability and reduced inflammation. Mechanistic experimentation revealed that M2-EVs transferred MEG3 into YAMC cells to up-regulate MEG3 expression and promote CREB1 transcription by competitively binding to miR-20b-5p. Moreover, up-regulation of MEG3 in M2-EVs enhanced the protective effect of M2-EVs on UC cells, while over-expression of miR-20b-5p attenuated the aforementioned protective effect of M2-EVs on UC mice and cells. Collectively, our findings revealed that M2-EVs carrying MEG3 enhanced UC cell viability and reduced inflammatory responses via the miR-20b-5p/CREB1 axis, thus alleviating UC inflammation.

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“…This plant is widely studied due to its biological properties, such as antimalarial, antibacterial, antiparasitic, immune-enhancing, and anti-cancer effects. Terpenes (mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpene lactones) are the main chemical constituents of the AA phyto-extracts and have been reported to have good immunomodulatory and anti-cancer effects [47].…”

Section: Biological Activity Of Phyto-extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that AA phyto-extracts, particularly ART and its analogues, have therapeutic effects on a variety of tumors and immune-related disorders. The mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway could be involved in these beneficial properties by regulating inflammatory response, cell cycle development, and apoptosis processes [47,53]. Cells are able to recognize the specific patterns of conserved molecular motifs associated with microbial pathogens (e.g., LPS) through the toll-like receptor (TLR) family, whose members are highly conserved glycoprotein receptors.…”

Section: Biological Activity Of Phyto-extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Different Ethanolic Phyto-Extracts of Artemisia annua L.

et al. 2021

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Artemisia annua L. (AA) has shown for many centuries important therapeutic virtues associated with the presence of artemisinin (ART). The aim of this study was to identify and quantify ART and other secondary metabolites in ethanolic extracts of AA and evaluate the biological activity in the presence of an inflammatory stimulus. In this work, after the extraction of the aerial parts of AA with different concentrations of ethanol, ART was quantified by HPLC and HPLC-MS. In addition, anthocyanins, flavanols, flavanones, flavonols, lignans, low-molecular-weight phenolics, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and terpenes were identified and semi-quantitatively determined by UHPLC-QTOF-MS untargeted metabolomics. Finally, the viability of human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) was evaluated in the presence of the different ethanolic extracts and in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results show that ART is more concentrated in AA samples extracted with 90% ethanol. Regarding the other metabolites, only the anthocyanins are more concentrated in the samples extracted with 90% ethanol. Finally, ART and all AA samples showed a protective action towards the pro-inflammatory stimulus of LPS. In particular, the anti-inflammatory effect of the leaf extract of AA with 90% ethanol was also confirmed at the molecular level since a reduction in TNF-α mRNA gene expression was observed in SH-SY5Y treated with LPS.

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Artemisinin ameliorates intestinal inflammation by skewing macrophages to the M2 phenotype and inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition

Cited by 30 publications

References 38 publications

Probiotic Bacillus cereus Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice through Improvement of the Intestinal Barrier Function, Anti-Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Probiotic Bacillus cereus Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice through Improvement of the Intestinal Barrier Function, Anti-Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Mechanism of M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles carrying lncRNA MEG3 in inflammatory responses in ulcerative colitis

Phytochemical Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Different Ethanolic Phyto-Extracts of Artemisia annua L.

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