“…13,20 Six cases were in the pediatric population, with patient ages ranging from 5 months to 11 years. 22,28,30,34,37 Although diagnosis is typically made with CT imaging, endoscopic visualization may be the initial diagnostic test to exclude other causes, particularly in patients who are hemodynamically stable at the time of presentation. The most common etiology for development of ARSA-esophageal fistula appeared to be secondary to compression, friction, or pressure necrosis from recent instrumentation with an endotracheal tube, nasogastric tube, or tracheostomy tube, seen in 14 of the 33 summarized cases.…”