Arterial stiffness, central blood pressure and body size in health and disease

Kolade, O O; O’Moore-Sullivan, Trisha; Stowasser, Michael; Coombes, Jeff S.; Fassett, Robert G.; Marwick, Thomas H.; Sharman, James E.

doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.79

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the present study, overall adiposity rather than central adiposity plays a significant role in increasing both bSBP and cSBP. Our results confirm and expand on the findings by Kolade et al 29 who identified a differential association between bSBP and cSBP with WC/hip ratio. It has been postulated 29 that the increased HR, cardiac output and peripheral vasodilatation identified in “healthy” obese subjects 31, 32 may explain the differences between bSBP and cSBP and body size.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our results confirm and expand on the findings by Kolade et al 29 who identified a differential association between bSBP and cSBP with WC/hip ratio. It has been postulated 29 that the increased HR, cardiac output and peripheral vasodilatation identified in “healthy” obese subjects 31, 32 may explain the differences between bSBP and cSBP and body size. Our data suggests that cardiac output and peripheral resistance, but not HR, play a role in the differential association between bSBP and cSBP and body size.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Is obesity predictive of cardiovascular dysfunction independent of cardiovascular risk factors?

et al. 2014

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Introduction Obesity is thought to exert detrimental effects on the cardiovascular (CV) system. However, this relationship is impacted by the co-occurrence of CV risk factors, type II diabetes (T2DM), and overt disease. We examined the relationships between obesity, assessed by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and CV function in 102 subjects without overt CV disease. We hypothesized that obesity would be independently predictive of CV remodeling and functional differences, especially at peak exercise. Methods Brachial (bSBP) and central (cSBP) systolic pressure, carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWVcf) augmentation index (AGI) (by SphygmoCor), and carotid remodeling (B-mode ultrasound) were examined at rest. Further, peak exercise cardiac imaging (Doppler ultrasound) was performed to measure the coupling between the heart and arterial system. Results In backward elimination regression models, accounting for CV risk factors, neither BMI nor WC were predictors of carotid thickness or PWVcf; rather age, triglycerides, and hypertension were the main determinants. However, BMI and WC predicted carotid cross-sectional area and lumen diameter. When examining the relationship between body size and SBP, BMI (β=0.32) and WC (β=0.25) were predictors of bSBP (p<0.05), whereas, BMI was the only predictor of cSBP (β=0.22, p<0.05) indicating a differential relationship between cSBP, bSBP and body size. Further, BMI (β=−0.26) and WC (β=−0.27) were independent predictors of AGI (p<0.05). As for resting cardiac diastolic function, WC seemed to be a better predictor than BMI. However, both BMI and WC were inversely and independently related to arterial elastance (net arterial load) and end-systolic elastance (cardiac contractility) at rest and peak exercise. Discussion These findings illustrate that obesity, without T2DM and overt CV disease, and after accounting for CV risk factors, is susceptible to pathophysiological adaptations that may predispose individuals to an increased risk of CV events.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Is obesity predictive of cardiovascular dysfunction independent of cardiovascular risk factors?

et al. 2014

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“…This association has also been proved in other studies [23]. Furthermore, the body mass is directly related to the arterial stiffness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Isolated systolic hypertension — evaluation of the scale of the problem among medical students — pilot study

Janiec¹,

Stępień²,

Skorek³

et al. 2017

Arterial Hypertension

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Introduction. Interest in isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) in young people has increased in recent years. The applanation tonometry technique provides new diagnostic opportunities in this group of patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of ISH among young adults and factors contributing to its occurrence. Material and methods. One hundred and two medical students aged 21 to 26 years were examined. The study was based on three peripheral blood pressure measurements and central blood pressure measurement. Information on health status and physical activity was collected using the author-developed questionnaire. Results. Based on the mean of peripheral blood pressure measurements, hypertension (HT) was detected in 23 students (22.55%): 18 had ISH, 4 -combined systolic/diastolic HT and 1 -isolated diastolic HT. Pulse wave analysis showed that all individuals with ISH had central blood pressure within the normal range -higher than those without HT, but lower than in the combined systolic/diastolic HT group (p < 0.001). Subjects with ISH were characterized by higher pulse pressure amplitude and lower augmentation index (AIx) compared to those with normal blood pressure. Subjects with ISH were taller, had a higher body mass index (BMI) and were more likely to have a positive family history of HT compared to normotensives. They also reported more frequent coffee consumption; and 22% of them used creatine supplements (vs. 0% in non-HT group). Conclusions. Measurement of central arterial blood pressure by applanation tonometry should be an integral part of the assessment of young patients with ISH. The study confirmed that ISH patients are characterized by higher growth, weight and physical activity. Further studies are needed to assess the clinical significance of ISH.

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“…Fasting glucose and BMI in our acromegalic patients were indeed higher than in controls. BMI, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes are associated with higher arterial stiffness in the general population (33,34,35), and their role in contributing to increased arterial stiffness in the acromegalic population cannot be completely ruled out. At variance, LDL-C levels were lower in our NOR-ACRO compared with NOR-CTR; a possible contribution of higher lipoprotein(a), found to be associated with acromegaly (36), should be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulatory arterial stiffness indexes in acromegaly

Dassiè¹,

Grillo

Carretta

et al. 2012

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Acromegaly is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and with specific heart and vascular abnormalities. The aim of our study was to investigate arterial stiffness using the ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) and symmetric AASI (Sym-AASI), two indexes derived from 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), in a group of normotensive and hypertensive patients with active acromegaly, compared with normotensive controls (NOR-CTR) or hypertensive controls (HYP-CTR). Subjects and methods: Ninety-six consecutive patients with active acromegaly (46 males, mean age 49G14 years) underwent 24-h ABPM and evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors. Based on ABPM measurement, acromegalic patients were divided into 64 normotensive (normotensive acromegalic patients (NOR-ACRO)) and 32 hypertensive (hypertensive acromegalic patients (HYP-ACRO)) patients, and were compared with 35 normotensive (NOR-CTR) and 34 hypertensive (HYP-CTR) age-, sex,-and ABPM-matched control subjects. Results: The AASI and Sym-AASI indexes were significantly higher in acromegalic patients than in controls, either in the normotensive (NOR-ACRO vs NOR-CTR, P!0.0001 for AASI and PZ0.005 for Sym-AASI) or in the hypertensive (HYP-ACRO vs HYP-CTR, PZ0.01 for AASI and PZ0.01 for Sym-AASI) group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant association of the highest AASI tertile with serum IGF1 (PZ0.034) in the whole acromegalic group. Conclusion: AASIs are increased in acromegaly, independent of blood pressure (BP) elevation, and may have an important role in predicting cardiovascular risk in this disease.

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Arterial stiffness, central blood pressure and body size in health and disease

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Is obesity predictive of cardiovascular dysfunction independent of cardiovascular risk factors?

Is obesity predictive of cardiovascular dysfunction independent of cardiovascular risk factors?

Isolated systolic hypertension — evaluation of the scale of the problem among medical students — pilot study

Ambulatory arterial stiffness indexes in acromegaly

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