Arterial Wall Vibration Distal to Stenoses in Isolated Arteries of Dog and Man

Foreman, John E. K.; Hutchison, K.J.

doi:10.1161/01.res.26.5.583

Cited by 55 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…5 The damaging effect of the vibration has been shown to increase when the vibrations occur at the resonant frequencies of the arterial wall. 6 Advanced methods of acoustic spectral analysis can be used to examine the complicated dynamic system influencing vascular flow within and distal to the saccular aneurysms.Research involving sound emission and acoustic spectral analysis to examine flow properties and aneurysmal pathophysiology was initiated by intraoperative observations of clear aneurysmal sounds distinct from the sound of parent vessels and by reports of cranial bruits detectable with a clinical stethoscope in a small percentage of patients with saccular aneu- Received July 11, 1989; accepted April 4, 1990. rysms. …”

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Acoustic recordings from experimental saccular aneurysms in dogs.

Sekhar

Sun

Bonaddio

et al. 1990

Stroke

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In an effort to isolate and characterize the emission of acoustic signals from saccular aneurysms, we made a series of invasive microphone recordings from experimental aneurysms created on the common carotid arteries of dogs using the vein pouch technique. Using a modified probe microphone, we compared recordings from the common carotid artery before creation of the aneurysm to recordings from the aneurysmal surface, both before and after clip occlusion. We then performed spectral analysis, band-pass filtering, and spectrographic analysis to compare the dominant frequency and width of the frequency range In addition, structural fatigue and arterial dilation as a result of arterial wall vibration have been documented. 5 The damaging effect of the vibration has been shown to increase when the vibrations occur at the resonant frequencies of the arterial wall. 6 Advanced methods of acoustic spectral analysis can be used to examine the complicated dynamic system influencing vascular flow within and distal to the saccular aneurysms.Research involving sound emission and acoustic spectral analysis to examine flow properties and aneurysmal pathophysiology was initiated by intraoperative observations of clear aneurysmal sounds distinct from the sound of parent vessels and by reports of cranial bruits detectable with a clinical stethoscope in a small percentage of patients with saccular aneu- Received July 11, 1989; accepted April 4, 1990. rysms. "9 Such acoustic signals are generated by a complicated dynamic system involving interactions between blood flow disturbances under varying pressures and the aneurysmal wall, the aneurysmal neck, and the feeding blood vessels. These signals must be examined to provide an understanding of factors leading to the formation and rupture of the aneurysms.Previous reports have examined sound emission originating from saccular aneurysms with the goal of noninvasively detecting their presence in a clinical setting.10

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Acoustic recordings from experimental saccular aneurysms in dogs.

Sekhar

Sun

Bonaddio

et al. 1990

Stroke

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“…This is where the turbulent jet from the stenosis may be expected to impinge on the arterial wall 10 and is the region where post-stenotic dilatation occurs. Roach and colleagues 6 ' 13 have shown that isolated segments of arteries subjected to various external frequency vibrations become more distensible.…”

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Effects of surrounding tissue on the sound spectrum of arterial bruits in vivo.

Miller¹,

Lees²,

Kistler³

et al. 1980

Stroke

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SUMMARY Turbulent flow distal to arterial stenoses produces bruits with a characteristic sound spectrum, analysis of which has permitted accurate non-invasive assessment of the residual lumen diameter of the stenosis in the case of the human carotid artery. In contrast, investigators working with In vitro elastic models of arteries or with excised vessels have reported finding mainly resonant spectra of bruits recorded distal to stenoses. We have studied tbe effects of turbulent flow on tbe sound spectrum produced at the arterial wall and the influence of surrounding tissue on this spectrum. Aortic, carotid, and femoral stenoses were produced in dogs by external banding of the arteries with 5mm wide Teflon bands. Recordings of bruits made directly on the vessel wall had a sound spectrum made up of 2 components, one due to turbulent flow, and the second to a superimposed resonant spectrum from arterial wall vibration. This was true of 3 kinds of vessels studied. The effects of surrounding tissue on tbe sound spectrum of arterial bruits was sbown by comparing the spectra of bruits recorded directly on the vessel wall, on tbe freshly closed wound and on tbe healed wound. The sound properties of the artery in situ are very different from those of exposed or excised vessels or elastic tubes. Although intravascular turbulence may be accurately appreciated at the skin surface, arterial wall resonance in the intact animal is extensively damped by tbe normal coupling of the artery to its surrounding tissue. Stroke, Vol 11, No 4, 1980ALTHOUGH AUSCULTATION of arterial bruits has been taught since the time of Laennec, only recently has quantitative information been derived concerning the extent of arterial disease. Lees and Dewey 1 in 1970 showed that flow through a significant arterial stenosis resulted in a spectrum of pressure fluctuations at the surface of the skin remarkably similar to wall pressure fluctuations in fully turbulent pipe flow at a high Reynolds number, and that quantitative information about the size of the residual lumen at the stenosis could be obtained by spectral analysis of the bruit recorded at the skin surface overlying the artery. In later studies, Lees and collaborators showed that accurate clinical diagnosis of the extent of carotid stenosis could be made non-invasively by quantitative analysis of bruit spectra. '" 4 The analytical method depends upon the recognition of a single frequency peak beyond which sound intensity drops sharply with increasing frequency.By contrast, Boughner and Roach showed that isolated arteries studied ex vivo resonate when excited by a sound stimulus at certain characteristic frequencies.0 Kim and Corcoran* showed that turbulent flow in latex tubes produced 2 spectra superimposed on one another -a turbulent spectrum caused by disturbed fluid flow and a resonant spectrum resulting from the natural frequency of the tube itself, which was set in vibratory motion by the turbulent flow.The present study was designed to investigate whether turbulent blood flow in art...

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“…31 Another factor is the presence, degree, and location of arterial stenosis that can excite vibrations with the specific frequencies dependent on the nature of the arterial wall. 32 Arterial vibration can produce damage to and reductions in the function of the elastin component of the arterial wall. 33,34 Vibration can cause damage in vascular endothelial cells 35 and produce endothelial cell dysfunction.…”

Section: Vibrations Originating From Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Epicardial Fat to Buffer Deformation and Vibration in Coronary Arteries

Rabkin¹

2017

CMRVH

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OBjECTiVES: To examine the putative physiologic role of epicardial fat to buffer the coronary arteries and to review the data on deformation and vibration in coronary arteries. METhODS: OvidSP Medline, Embase, and PubMed were systematically searched. Eligible articles on vibration in arteries and deformation of coronary arteries were assessed. RESulTS: Coronary arteries are unique because they undergo substantial deformations with twisting, bending, and stretching that are due to cardiac contraction and the tethering of the large coronary arteries to the epicardial surface of the heart. In addition, phasic coronary artery pressure and blood flow are not synchronous producing a high negative stress phase angle between circumferential strain and wall shear. Fluid flow-induced vibrations, a universal finding in conduits transporting fluid with pulsatile flow, have been documented in arteries. Arterial vibration can damage the structure of arterial wall, especially elastin and endothelial cells, leading to alterations in the arterial function. Support for a beneficial mechanical role for epicardial fat is based on the data that wrapping material to the outside of conduits not only reduces the vibration but also decreases their movement. The overall impact of an external wrap is a reduction in the probability of conduit fatigue and failure. Characteristics of the artery, such as shear modulus, are a function of the properties of each layer of the artery. The application of epicardial fat to the adventitia of arteries alters the biophysical characteristics of the artery which is the sum of each layer including the epicardial fat. Vibration, resonance, and deformation energy are lost when they hit the surface of an absorbing material. COnCluSiOnS: The integration of the biophysics of coronary arteries with knowledge of material damping principles supports a physiologic role for epicardial fat to buffer deformation and vibration in coronary arteries.

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Arterial Wall Vibration Distal to Stenoses in Isolated Arteries of Dog and Man

Cited by 55 publications

References 11 publications

Acoustic recordings from experimental saccular aneurysms in dogs.

Acoustic recordings from experimental saccular aneurysms in dogs.

Effects of surrounding tissue on the sound spectrum of arterial bruits in vivo.

Role of Epicardial Fat to Buffer Deformation and Vibration in Coronary Arteries

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