We report the results of arthroscopic subacromial decompression and debridement of the rotator cuff for chronic small-and medium-sized tears in 114 patients (118 shoulders) between two and five years after surgery.The mean Constant score was improved to 69.8, and 88 shoulders (74.6%) had a satisfactory outcome. Of patients under the age of 60 years the outcome was satisfactory in 59.3%, and in those over 60 years, in 87.5% (p < 0.001). An unsatisfactory outcome was related to manual work (p < 0.001) and a duration of symptoms of more than 12 months (p < 0.05). The outcome was not related to the size of the tear, the muscles involved or biceps pathology. Further surgery was required in 25 patients after a mean of 13.7 months (3 to 35); ten tears had progressed in size, but none became irreparable. There was no relationship between the increase in the size of the tear and its initial size, the muscles involved or the presence of biceps pathology. No tear became smaller with time. The options for the management of chronic small-and medium-sized tears of the rotator cuff are non-operative treatment, small-and medium-sized tears in these studies had a favourable outcome with subacromial decompression alone. Other studies, however, have found no difference in the outcome after subacromial decompression alone, for an intact cuff compared with the same treatment for a fullthickness tear of less than 2 cm.
30Our aim in this study was to assess the role of subacromial decompression alone as a treatment for chronic small and medium tears of the cuff, to assess factors associated with poor outcome and to determine the influence of decompression on the progression of a tear.
Patients and MethodsData were collected from patients undergoing subacromial decompression for small-and medium-sized tears of the cuff between January 1996 and March 1999. We included all patients who had these tears without subjective weakness, had not responded to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication and had had at least one injection of steroid into the subacromial bursa and a three-month course of physiotherapy. These criteria were met in 135 patients (140 shoulders); 21 patients (22 shoulders) were subsequently lost to follow-up, but their demographic data and operative findings did not differ from the whole group.There were 62 men (65 shoulders) and 52 women (53 shoulders) with a mean age at the time of surgery of 61 years (37 to 87). There were 79 right and 39 left shoulders and the dominant arm was operated on in 82 (69.5%). The mean duration of symptoms was 32 months (3 to 225). A traumatic episode initiated symptoms in 35 cases.Of the 114 patients, 27 (31 shoulders) were manual workers involved in repetitive overhead work or heavy lifting with an outstretched arm, 28 had a sedentary job and 59 were housewives or retired. Of the 27 manual workers, 12 were able to work with moderate difficulty, 13 with extreme difficulty and two were not able to work. Of the 28 sedentary workers, five were able to work easily, three with mild difficulty, 1...