Articular cartilage: correlation of histologic zones with signal intensity at MR imaging.

Modl, J. M.; Sether, L A; Haughton, Victor M.; Kneeland, J. Bruce

doi:10.1148/radiology.181.3.1947110

Cited by 158 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…Correlation of signal intensity with histological zones has been detected (11). The current consensus favors a correlation between the number of MRI visible zones and orientation of collagen fibrils within the network.…”

Section: Verification Of Collageneous Network Structuringmentioning

confidence: 89%

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MRI assessment of cartilage ultrastructure

Gründer¹

2006

NMR in Biomedicine

121

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In T 2 -weighted MRI images joint cartilage can appear laminated. The multilaminar appearance is visualized as zones of different intensity. This appearance is based on the dipolar interaction of water molecules within cartilage zones of different collageneous network structures. Therefore, the MR visualization of zones of anisotropic arrangement of the collagen fibers depends upon their orientation to the static magnetic field (magic-angle effect). The aim of this article is to demonstrate the potential of high-resolution MRI for characterizing cartilage network structuring and biomechanical properties. Information equivalent to that from polarization light microscopy can be derived noninvasively. Based on NMR microscopic (mMRI) data, potential new possibilities of MRI for quantitative assessment of collagen structuring and intracartilagenous load distribution are presented. These methods use MR intensity angle dependence and load influence on cartilage visualization. Alternatively to the determination of mechanical parameters from cartilage deformation, it is demonstrated that stress distribution and biomechanical properties can be derived in principle from the local intensity variation of anisotropic fiber orientation zones. The limitations with respect to a clinical application of the proposed methods are discussed.

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Section: Verification Of Collageneous Network Structuringmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…4(a)]. In the trilaminar case, often a small superficial lamina of low intensity, a middle transitional zone of intermediate intensity, and a deep zone of low intensity was observed (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(19)(20)(21)(22). However, a high/low/high intensity pattern was also observed (23).…”

Section: Age-dependence Of Collageneous Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI assessment of cartilage ultrastructure

Gründer¹

2006

NMR in Biomedicine

121

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“…Histologically, the articular cartilage has a zonal organization where both the GAG content and structure of the collagen fibrils vary through the depth of the tissue [9,16,20]. In normal articular cartilage there are three major zones based on the orientation of collagen fibers: superficial, mid-, and deep layer [29], which can be distinguished on MR images [27]. In the superficial zone, the collagen fibrils are arranged parallel to the articular surface, whereas in the deeper zone, they are laid out perpendicular to the underlying bone [1,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Periacetabular Osteotomy Have Depth-related Effects on the Articular Cartilage of the Hip?

Hingsammer

Miller

Millis

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Osteoarthritis may result from abnormal mechanics leading to biochemically mediated degradation of cartilage. In a dysplastic hip, the periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is designed to normalize the mechanics and our initial analysis suggests that it may also alter the cartilage biochemical composition. Articular cartilage structure and biology vary with the depth from the articular surface including the concentration of glycosaminoglycans (GAG), which are the charge macromolecules that are rapidly turned over and are lost in early osteoarthritis. Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) enables noninvasive measurement of cartilage GAG content. The dGEMRIC index represents an indirect measure of GAG concentration with lower values indicating less GAG content. GAG content can normally vary with mechanical loading; however, progressive loss of GAG is associated with osteoarthritis. By looking at the changes in amounts of GAG in response to a PAO at different depths of cartilage, we may gain further insights into the types of biologic events that are occurring in the joint after a PAO. Questions/purposes We (1) measured the GAG content in the superficial and deep zones for the entire joint before and after PAO; and (2) investigated if the changes in the superficial and deep zone GAG content after PAO varied with different locations within the joint. Methods This prospective study included 37 hips in 37 patients (mean age 26 ± 9 years) who were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia and had preoperative and 1-year follow up dGEMRIC scans. Twenty-eight of the 37 also had 2-year scans. Patients were eligible if they had symptomatic acetabular dysplasia with lateral center-edge angle \ 20°a nd no or minimal osteoarthritis. The change in dGEMRIC after surgery was assessed in the superficial and deep cartilage zones at five acetabular radial planes. Results The mean ± SD dGEMRIC index in the superficial zone fell from 480 ± 137 msec preoperatively to 409 ± 119 msec at Year 1 (95% confidence interval [CI], À87 to À54; p \0.001) and recovered to 451 ± 115 msec at Year 2 (95% CI, 34-65; p \ 0.001), suggesting that there is a transient event that causes the biologically sensitive superficial layer to lose GAG. In the deep acetabular cartilage zone, dGEMRIC index fell from 527 ± 148 msec preoperatively to 468 ± 143 msec at Year 1 (95% CI, À66 to À30; p\0.001) and recovered to 494 ± 125 msec at Year 2 (95% CI, 5-32; p = 0.008). When each acetabular radial plane was looked at separately, the change from before surgery to 1 year after was confined to zones around the superior part of the joint.

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“…In such cases, the dipolar interaction between the two water protons has a non-zero average, rendering its T 2 orientation dependent. Indeed, the T 2 -weighted images of articular cartilage (11)(12)(13)(14) exhibit several laminae corresponding to the different histological zones of articular cartilage (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Moreover, these images depend on the orientation of the cartilage relative to the magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multinuclear NMR and microscopic MRI studies of the articular cartilage nanostructure

Shinar

Navon

2006

NMR in Biomedicine

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Studies of the structure of articular cartilage by a number of NMR spectroscopic and imaging techniques are reviewed. Advantage is taken of the fact that the NMR investigations can be done non-invasively on the intact tissue and do not require sectioning, slicing and decalcification as in the case of electron microscopy. The different contributions to 1 H T 2 relaxation are described and it is pointed out that ignoring the biexponential behavior of the transverse relaxation can lead to serious errors in the proton density measurements and the T 2 characterization of the articular cartilage. A way to slow the transverse relaxation and to minimize its angular dependence by the use of dipolar echo is described. 2 H double quantum filtered spectroscopic MRI is a powerful technique to follow the orientation and density of the collagen fibers in articular cartilage. Using this technique, it was found that attachment of the cartilage to the bone has a stabilizing effect on the collagen matrix and that the hydroxyapatite in the calcified zone resides near the collagen fibers but does not contribute to their order. In response to mechanical pressure, it was shown that the collagen fibers flatten near the surface and become crimped near the bone. A number of NMR techniques have been described for the measurement of 23 Na residual quadrupolar interaction. It was found that this can serve as a very sensitive measure of the depletion of proteoglycans. Finally, a combination of the above techniques was used to study a maturation of articular cartilage in pigs. The increased order and density of the collagen fibers from newborn to adult pigs revealed itself as a shortening of T 2 and significant increase of the residual quadrupolar interaction of both 2 H and 23 Na nuclei.

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Articular cartilage: correlation of histologic zones with signal intensity at MR imaging.

Cited by 158 publications

References 0 publications

MRI assessment of cartilage ultrastructure

MRI assessment of cartilage ultrastructure

Does Periacetabular Osteotomy Have Depth-related Effects on the Articular Cartilage of the Hip?

Multinuclear NMR and microscopic MRI studies of the articular cartilage nanostructure

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