Articular cartilage preservation and storage

Black, Jonathan; Shadle, Chester A.; Parsons, J. R.; Brighton, Carl T.

doi:10.1002/art.1780221009

Cited by 36 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The samples were stored frozen (−20 • C) in sealed plastic bags for a period of less than 1 week. Previous reports by our laboratory (Appleyard 1999) and others have shown that freezing has no significant effect on the biomechanical properties of the tissue (Black et al 1979, Kiefer et al 1989. On the day of testing, each sample was immersed in fresh PBS and allowed to equilibrate at 20 • C for 30 min before dynamic biomechanical testing commenced.…”

Section: Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The accuracy and reliability of a novel handheld dynamic indentation probe for analysing articular cartilage

et al. 2001

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This study investigates the accuracy and reliability of a novel handheld indentation system designed to ascertain the dynamic biomechanical properties of articular cartilage. A series of standard elastomers were assessed with both the handheld indentation system and a bench-top dynamic indentation system to assess the accuracy of the instrument. Interoperator and intraoperator experiments were undertaken to investigate the reliability of the system when used by an individual operator and by five different operators. Intraclass coefficients (Rho) were derived using a random effects model. The system was then used to ascertain the topographical variation in the shear moduli and phase lag of articular cartilage across normal ovine tibial plateaux. The system was shown to be highly accurate (R2 = 0.97), and had excellent reliability when measuring the dynamic shear modulus of articular cartilage (interoperator Rho = 0.75, intraoperator Rho = 0.79). Measurement of static shear modulus was less reliable (interoperator Rho = 0.15, intraoperator Rho = 0.52), but may be improved by monitoring the load applied to the instrument by the operator. The instrument was used to differentiate between different regions of cartilage and generated a topographical map of an ovine tibial plateau. The cartilage located beneath the menisci was 200-500% stiffer than the cartilage that was not covered by the menisci, while the phase lag was almost constant (10+/-2 SD) over the entire tibial plateau. The system was shown to be an accurate and reliable tool for rapidly assessing the dynamic biomechanical properties of articular cartilage, while being small enough to be used arthroscopically.

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Section: Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The accuracy and reliability of a novel handheld dynamic indentation probe for analysing articular cartilage

et al. 2001

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“…The success of a meniscal allograft depends on its ability to survive in the articular environment of the host and to function as a normal meniscus, thus making it possible to prevent or at least limit damage to the articular surfaces that can be caused by a total or subtotal meniscectomy [17,21,28,47]. Studies carried out on musculoskeletal tissue allografts have shown that whereas bone and tendon grafts maintain good mechanical properties even in the absence of viable cells [9,18,46], the presence of viable cells is a determinant factor for the long-term survival of articular cartilage grafts [8,9,48]. Since meniscal tissue has mechanical and biomechanical properties very similar to those of articular cartilage, fresh transplants could be the ideal type of graft because fresh tissue contains a large number of viable cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meniscal allografts: cryopreservation vs deep-frozen technique An experimental study in goats

et al. 1997

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Meniscal transplantation was performed in two groups of 15 adult goats each, using cryopreserved (group I) and deep-frozen (group II) allografts. Animals were killed at 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, and a gross, histological and biochemical (water and glycosaminoglycan) evaluation of the menisci was performed. The allografts of both groups showed a normal gross appearance and had in most cases healed at the horn attachments and at the peripheral capsular tissue with a dense scar tissue and no signs of rejection. Histological analysis showed that at 2 weeks in group I the cell number was decreased compared with the controls, and the cells were mainly distributed in the superficial layers. In group II at 2 weeks, only a few cells were present at the peripheral attachment of the menisci. At 1 month in both groups, the cell repopulation can be seen extending from the peripheral area to the superficial layers. Cell proliferation and vascularization are particularly evident in both groups in the 3-month samples. At 6 months and 1 year the grafts can be seen to be completely remodelled and morphologically similar to normal menisci in both groups. Biochemical analysis showed in both groups an increase in water content and a progressive decrease in the concentration of glycosaminoglycans. At 1 year in both groups, there were moderate degenerative changes in the articular cartilage of the tibial plateau, which were more evident in the area of exposed cartilage than in that covered by the meniscus. These results suggest that there are no significant differences between the cryopreserved and deep-frozen grafts, and that even if cryopreservation makes it possible to maintain a partial cell viability in the tissue, this does not seem to improve the morphological and biochemical characteristics of the graft.

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“…Although the cells in heart valve leaflets persist for weeks during hypothermic refrigeration in culture medium [Brockbank et al, 1992; Taylor and Brockbank, 2003], most tissues are refrigerated for only hours before significant loss of cell viability and tissue function occur. There are, however, reports supporting chondrocyte survival for days or weeks of hypothermic storage in their natural extracellular matrix in humans [Williams et al, 2003; Ball et al, 2004; Allen et al, 2005; Malinin et al, 2006] and several animal species [Black et al, 1979; Rodrigo et al, 1980; Wayne et al, 1990; Oates et al, 1995; Kim et al, 1996; Rohde et al, 2004; Williams et al, 2004; Malinin et al, 2006; Teng et al, 2008; Onuma et al, 2009]. Because such survival was considered unusual, compared with other tissue types, we previously initiated research to assess the impact of 4°C storage in DMEM culture medium on cartilage cell viability and establish whether or not cartilage plugs were an acceptable model compared with bisected femoral heads with both cartilage and bone tissue present [Brockbank et al, 2011b].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Storage Solution Formulation during Refrigerated Storage upon Chondrocyte Viability and Cartilage Matrix

Wright

Brockbank²,

Rahn³

et al. 2014

Cells Tissues Organs

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Various preservation solutions have been evaluated for longer hypothermic cartilage storage for tissue transplantation; however, the results are mixed. This research was carried out to determine whether phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or organ preservation solutions would preserve both the extracellular matrix and chondrocytes of articular cartilage better than culture medium during refrigerated storage in the time frame that cartilage is stored for clinical use. Porcine cartilage plugs were stored, without the underlying bone, in culture medium with and without fetal bovine serum (FBS), PBS, Belzer's and Unisol solutions for 1 month at 4°C. Metabolic activity was tested using a resazurin reduction method, and matrix permeability was evaluated by measuring electrical conductivity. Storage in culture medium with 10% FBS was shown to provide good cartilage metabolic function for 7 days, decreasing to about 36% after 1 month of storage. There was no significant difference between samples stored in culture medium with and without FBS after 1 month of storage (p = 0.5005). Refrigerated storage of cartilage in PBS and two different solutions (Belzer's and Unisol) designed for optimal refrigerated tissue and organ storage results in loss of chondrocyte function and retention of matrix permeability. In contrast, the opposite, namely significantly better retention of chondrocyte function and loss of matrix permeability, was observed with culture medium. Future research should be focused on combining retention of chondrocyte function and matrix permeability by storage solution formulation.

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Articular cartilage preservation and storage

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

The accuracy and reliability of a novel handheld dynamic indentation probe for analysing articular cartilage

The accuracy and reliability of a novel handheld dynamic indentation probe for analysing articular cartilage

Meniscal allografts: cryopreservation vs deep-frozen technique An experimental study in goats

Impact of Storage Solution Formulation during Refrigerated Storage upon Chondrocyte Viability and Cartilage Matrix

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