Articular cartilage surface rupture during compression: Investigating the effects of tissue hydration in relation to matrix health

Fick, James M.; Espino, Daniel M.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.04.018

Cited by 29 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Stresses associated with failure of articular cartilage under an altered state of hydration, however, are in the region of 8-10 MPa. 1,27 Storage and loss stiffness Hypo-hydration was found to increase storage stiffness. This is in agreement with studies that find cartilage to stiffen with reduced water content 5 as occurs with advancing age.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A sinusoidally compressive force between 16 and 36 N was applied using a cylindrical indenter, with a chamfered end to prevent cartilage damage at the edge of the contact area, with a diameter of 5.2 mm. This loading was applied at eight different frequencies (1,8,10,12,29,49, 71 and 88 Hz). This follows recommendations from a previous study, 11 which characterised frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties of healthy bovine articular cartilage between 1 and 90 Hz.…”

Section: Dma Frequency Sweepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless of whether changes in cartilage volume are a cause or consequence of osteoarthritis, the changes that occur alter the predisposition of cartilage to subsequent damage. 1 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) has been used to determine the viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage ranging from a standard walking pace (1 Hz) up to rapid heel-strike rates. 11 Rapid heel-strike force rise times range from 5 to 25 ms, 12,13 induce impulse/traumatic loading 14 and have been implicated in osteoarthritis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of hydration on the frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage

Pearson

Espino

2013

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tissue hydration on the frequency-dependant viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage. Such changes were determined at frequencies associated with normal (1-10 Hz) and impulsive/traumatic (90 Hz) heel-strike times. Cartilage on bone samples, obtained from bovine humeral heads, was tested when hypo-hydrated and hyper-hydrated using dynamic mechanical analysis. Dynamic mechanical analysis was performed at a range of frequencies between 1 and 90 Hz. Hypo-hydration increased the stiffness of cartilage as compared to hyper-hydrated cartilage; this increase was greater at higher frequencies. The storage modulus and stiffness increased in hypo-hydrated cartilage as compared to hyper-hydrated cartilage. However, the loss modulus and stiffness increased when cartilage was hypo-hydrated as compared to hyper-hydrated, but these increases were not frequency dependent. An impulsive heel-strike time may result in a greater increase of stiffness in hypo-hydrated cartilage, compared with hyper-hydrated cartilage. However, the ratio of storage to loss stiffness was greater for hyper-hydrated cartilage, thereby, reducing the tissue's ability to dissipate energy and increasing the likelihood of cartilage rupture.

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Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Dma Frequency Sweepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of hydration on the frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage

Pearson

Espino

2013

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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“…The surfaceremoved tissues had a median of 30.5 AE 4.8% of their total tissue depth removed through the use of a microtome (Leica Microsystems Model SM2000R, Wetzlar, Germany). All samples were set in cylindrical stainless steel mounts and mounted identical to described previously [34,35].…”

Section: Cartilage Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A central pore within a flat-ended indenter would not only take into account the anisotropic nature of AC, but it would also produce a region that would allow cartilage to deform freely around the pore during compression [34,35]. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how AC deforms around a central pore within a flat-ended indenter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How the Structural Integrity of the Matrix Can Influence the Microstructural Response of Articular Cartilage to Compression

Fick

2013

Connective Tissue Research

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This study investigated how the structural integrity of healthy, surface-removed (healthy), and degenerate matrices can modify the response of cartilage to compression. Six groups of specimens were loaded up to the onset of consolidation or at full consolidation (N = 30, 5 per group, respectively) and then subsequently chemically fixed to capture the deformed state of the tissues. Creep compression was applied through an 8 mm flat-ended indenter containing a 450 μm diameter central pore, providing a region of high stress that also allowed the tissue samples to deform freely around the indenter pore during compression. Differential interference contrast microscopy was used in order to explore the microstructural responses of the tissues. The results demonstrated that superficial layer removal or tissue degeneration can reduce the observed deformation within the tissue region corresponding to the central pore of the loading indenter. Fibril crimping within the central pore matrix and matrix shear at the indenter edge regions are also reduced by both superficial layer removal and by tissue degeneration. These findings suggest that surface removal or tissue degeneration renders the matrix more susceptible to deformation and can also reduce the tissue's ability to transfer forces over a greater surface area and induce stress within the matrix.

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Effect of osteochondral graft orientation in a biotribological test system

Bauer

Göçerler

Niculescu‐Morzsa

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) utilizing autografts is a widely used technique for the treatment of small‐to‐medium cartilage defects occurring in knee and ankle joints. The application of viable cartilage and bone ensures proper integration, early weight bearing, as well as restoration of biomechanical and biotribological properties. However, alignment of the autografts onto the defect site remains a pivotal aspect of reinstating the properties of the joint toward successful autograft integration. This is the first study to perform tests with different orientations of osteochondral grafts in a cartilage‐on‐cartilage test system. The objective was to estimate if there are differences between aligned and 90°‐rotated grafts concerning molecular biological and biomechanical parameters. Tissue viability, assessed by XTT assay indicated lower metabolic activity in tested osteochondral grafts (aligned, p = 0.0148 and 90°‐rotated, p = 0.0760) in favor of a higher anabolic gene expression (aligned, p = 0.0030 and 90°‐rotated, 0.0027). Tissue structure was evaluated by Safranin O histology and microscopic images of the surface. Aligned and 90°‐rotated grafts revealed no apparent differences between proteoglycan content or cracks and fissures on the cartilage surface. Test medium analyzed after tribological tests for their sulfated glycosaminoglycan content revealed no differences ( p = 0.3282). During the tests, both the friction coefficient and the relative displacement between the two cartilage surfaces were measured, with no significant difference in both parameters (COF, p = 0.2232 and relative displacement, p = 0.3185). From the methods we deployed, this study can infer that there are no differences between aligned and 90°‐rotated osteochondral grafts after tribological tests in the used ex vivo tissue model. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research ® Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res

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Articular cartilage surface rupture during compression: Investigating the effects of tissue hydration in relation to matrix health

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of hydration on the frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage

Effect of hydration on the frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage

How the Structural Integrity of the Matrix Can Influence the Microstructural Response of Articular Cartilage to Compression

Effect of osteochondral graft orientation in a biotribological test system

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